Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen, Little Robber-girl, sentence 20

Ravens and crows flew in and out of the holes and crevices, while great bulldogs, either of which looked as if it could swallow a man, were jumping about; but they were not allowed to bark.

Who acts: Ravens, coach · What happens: fly in, look, swallow, jump about, not allow, bark · To what, where: man, Ravens

This is a sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, Little Robber-girl. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Ravens, coach), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Ravens	raven	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 flew	nsubj
2	and	and	CCONJ	_	3 crows	cc
3	crows	crow	NOUN	Number=Plur	1 Ravens	conj
4	flew	fly	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	in	in	ADV	_	4 flew	advmod
6	and	and	CCONJ	_	10 holes	cc
7	out	out	ADP	_	10 holes	case
8	of	of	ADP	_	10 holes	case
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 holes	det
10	holes	hole	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 flew	conj
11	and	and	CCONJ	_	12 crevices	cc
12	crevices	crevice	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 holes	conj
13	,	,	PUNCT	_	16 bulldogs	punct
14	while	while	SCONJ	_	16 bulldogs	mark
15	great	great	ADJ	Degree=Pos	16 bulldogs	amod
16	bulldogs	bulldog	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 holes	conj
17	,	,	PUNCT	_	21 looked	punct
18	either	either	CCONJ	_	21 looked	cc:preconj
19	of	of	ADP	_	20 which	case
20	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	21 looked	nsubj
21	looked	look	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 flew	conj
22	as	as	SCONJ	_	26 swallow	mark
23	if	if	SCONJ	_	26 swallow	mark
24	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	26 swallow	nsubj
25	could	could	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	26 swallow	aux
26	swallow	swallow	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	21 looked	ccomp
27	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	28 man	det
28	man	man	NOUN	Number=Sing	26 swallow	obj
29	,	,	PUNCT	_	31 jumping	punct
30	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	31 jumping	aux
31	jumping	jump	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	26 swallow	advcl
32	about	about	ADV	_	31 jumping	advmod
33	;	;	PUNCT	_	38 allowed	punct
34	but	but	CCONJ	_	38 allowed	cc
35	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	38 allowed	nsubj:pass
36	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	38 allowed	aux:pass
37	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	38 allowed	advmod
38	allowed	allow	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	4 flew	conj
39	to	to	PART	_	40 bark	mark
40	bark	bark	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	38 allowed	xcomp
41	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 flew	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	fly in	past	Ravens and crows			vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	look	past				tree rules
3	swallow a condition, not said to happen	could	coach	a man		vn gobble-39.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent man=Patient
4	jump about	past · progressive	coach not said here		about property	vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
5	not allow	past · passive		Ravens = raven		vn allow-64.1-1 «NP V NP S»: subject=Beneficiary clause=Eventuality
6	bark not said to happen	to-infinitive	Ravens = raven not said here			vn animal_sounds-38 «NP V»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, Project Gutenberg book 27200 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg27200/174/20/