Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen, The Tinder-box, sentence 97
In the morning he could see through the iron grating of the little window how the people were hastening out of the town to see him hanged; he heard the drums beating, and saw the soldiers marching.
Who acts: soldier, people, drums, soldiers · What happens: see, hasten, hange, hear, beat, march · To what, where: iron grating, town, soldier, drums, soldiers
This is a sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, The Tinder-box. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (soldier, people, drums, soldiers), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | In | in | ADP | _ | 3 morning | case |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 morning | det |
| 3 | morning | morning | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 see | obl |
| 4 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 6 see | nsubj |
| 5 | could | could | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 6 see | aux |
| 6 | see | see | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 7 | through | through | ADP | _ | 10 grating | case |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 grating | det |
| 9 | iron | iron | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 grating | compound |
| 10 | grating | grating | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 see | obl |
| 11 | of | of | ADP | _ | 14 window | case |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 window | det |
| 13 | little | little | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 14 window | amod |
| 14 | window | window | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 grating | nmod |
| 15 | how | how | ADV | PronType=Int | 19 hastening | advmod |
| 16 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 17 people | det |
| 17 | people | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | 19 hastening | nsubj |
| 18 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 19 hastening | aux |
| 19 | hastening | hasten | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 14 window | acl:relcl |
| 20 | out | out | ADP | _ | 23 town | case |
| 21 | of | of | ADP | _ | 23 town | case |
| 22 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 23 town | det |
| 23 | town | town | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 hastening | obl |
| 24 | to | to | PART | _ | 25 see | mark |
| 25 | see | see | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 19 hastening | advcl |
| 26 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 25 see | obj |
| 27 | hanged | hange | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 25 see | xcomp |
| 28 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 30 heard | punct |
| 29 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 30 heard | nsubj |
| 30 | heard | hear | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 see | parataxis |
| 31 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 32 drums | det |
| 32 | drums | drum | NOUN | Number=Plur | 30 heard | obj |
| 33 | beating | beat | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 30 heard | xcomp |
| 34 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 36 saw | punct |
| 35 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 36 saw | cc |
| 36 | saw | see | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 30 heard | conj |
| 37 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 38 soldiers | det |
| 38 | soldiers | soldier | NOUN | Number=Plur | 36 saw | obj |
| 39 | marching | march | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 38 soldiers | acl |
| 40 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 see | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | see | could | soldier | the iron grating of the little window | morning | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer | |||
| 2 | hasten | past · progressive | the people | the town | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme out town=Trajectory | ||||
| 3 | see | to-infinitive | the people not said here | soldier | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | hange | participle | soldier not said here | tree rules | |||||
| 5 | hear | past | soldier | the drums | tree rules | ||||
| 6 | beat | gerund | the drums not said here | vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 7 | see | past | soldier not said here | the soldiers | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer soldier=Stimulus | ||||
| 8 | march | gerund | the soldiers not said here | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, Project Gutenberg book 27200 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg27200/193/97/