Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen, The Ugly Duckling, sentence 134
They uttered a singular cry, as they spread their glorious wings and flew away from those cold regions to warmer countries across the sea.
Who acts: ducklings · What happens: utter, spread, fly away · To what, where: singular cry, glorious wings, cold regions
This is a sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, The Ugly Duckling. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (ducklings), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | They | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 uttered | nsubj |
| 2 | uttered | utter | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 5 cry | det |
| 4 | singular | singular | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 cry | amod |
| 5 | cry | cry | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 uttered | obj |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 9 spread | punct |
| 7 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 9 spread | mark |
| 8 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 9 spread | nsubj |
| 9 | spread | spread | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 2 uttered | conj |
| 10 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 12 wings | nmod:poss |
| 11 | glorious | glorious | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 12 wings | amod |
| 12 | wings | wing | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 spread | obj |
| 13 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 14 flew | cc |
| 14 | flew | fly | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 uttered | conj |
| 15 | away | away | ADV | _ | 14 flew | advmod |
| 16 | from | from | ADP | _ | 19 regions | case |
| 17 | those | that | DET | Number=Plur PronType=Dem | 19 regions | det |
| 18 | cold | cold | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 19 regions | amod |
| 19 | regions | region | NOUN | Number=Plur | 14 flew | obl |
| 20 | to | to | ADP | _ | 22 countries | case |
| 21 | warmer | warm | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 22 countries | amod |
| 22 | countries | country | NOUN | Number=Plur | 14 flew | obl |
| 23 | across | across | ADP | _ | 25 sea | case |
| 24 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 25 sea | det |
| 25 | sea | sea | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 flew | obl |
| 26 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 uttered | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | utter speech: other | past | ducklings = duckling | a singular cry | vn say-37.7-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent cry=Topic | ||||
| 2 | spread | present | ducklings = duckling | ducklings's glorious wings | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location wing=Theme | ||||
| 3 | fly away | past | ducklings = duckling not said here | that cold regions | to warmer countries; across the sea; away property | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V NP PP.source PP.destination PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent from region=Initial_Location to country=Destination across sea=Trajectory |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, Project Gutenberg book 27200 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg27200/201/134/