Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen, The Ugly Duckling, sentence 167
He now felt glad at having suffered sorrow and trouble, because it enabled him to enjoy so much better all the pleasure and happiness around him; for the great swans swam round the new-comer, and stroked his neck with their beaks, as a welcome.
Who acts: better, trouble, great swans · What happens: feel, have, suffer, enable, enjoy, swim · To what, where: suffered sorrow, better, better pleasure, new comer, neck
This is a sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, The Ugly Duckling. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (better, trouble, great swans), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 felt | nsubj |
| 2 | now | now | ADV | PronType=Dem | 3 felt | advmod |
| 3 | felt | feel | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | glad | glad | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 felt | xcomp |
| 5 | at | at | SCONJ | _ | 6 having | mark |
| 6 | having | have | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 3 felt | advcl |
| 7 | suffered | suffer | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 8 sorrow | amod |
| 8 | sorrow | sorrow | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 having | obj |
| 9 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 10 trouble | cc |
| 10 | trouble | trouble | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 sorrow | conj |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 enabled | punct |
| 12 | because | because | SCONJ | _ | 14 enabled | mark |
| 13 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 14 enabled | nsubj |
| 14 | enabled | enable | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 felt | conj |
| 15 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 14 enabled | obj |
| 16 | to | to | PART | _ | 17 enjoy | mark |
| 17 | enjoy | enjoy | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 14 enabled | xcomp |
| 18 | so | so | ADV | _ | 19 much | advmod |
| 19 | much | much | ADV | _ | 20 better | advmod |
| 20 | better | good | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 23 pleasure | amod |
| 21 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 23 pleasure | det:predet |
| 22 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 23 pleasure | det |
| 23 | pleasure | pleasure | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 enjoy | obj |
| 24 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 25 happiness | cc |
| 25 | happiness | happiness | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 pleasure | conj |
| 26 | around | around | ADP | _ | 27 him | case |
| 27 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 25 happiness | nmod |
| 28 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 33 swam | punct |
| 29 | for | for | SCONJ | _ | 33 swam | mark |
| 30 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 32 swans | det |
| 31 | great | great | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 32 swans | amod |
| 32 | swans | swan | NOUN | Number=Plur | 33 swam | nsubj |
| 33 | swam | swim | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 14 enabled | conj |
| 34 | round | round | ADP | _ | 38 comer | case |
| 35 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 38 comer | det |
| 36 | new | new | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 38 comer | amod |
| 37 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 36 new | punct |
| 38 | comer | comer | NOUN | Number=Sing | 33 swam | obl |
| 39 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 41 stroked | punct |
| 40 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 41 stroked | cc |
| 41 | stroked | stroke | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 felt | conj |
| 42 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 43 neck | nmod:poss |
| 43 | neck | neck | NOUN | Number=Sing | 41 stroked | obj |
| 44 | with | with | ADP | _ | 46 beaks | case |
| 45 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 46 beaks | nmod:poss |
| 46 | beaks | beak | NOUN | Number=Plur | 41 stroked | obl |
| 47 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 50 welcome | punct |
| 48 | as | as | ADP | _ | 50 welcome | case |
| 49 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 50 welcome | det |
| 50 | welcome | welcome | NOUN | Number=Sing | 41 stroked | obl |
| 51 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 felt | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | feel | past | better = good | now | glad property | vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus | |||
| 2 | have | gerund | better = good not said here | suffered sorrow and trouble | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sorrow=Patient | ||||
| 3 | suffer | participle | vn marvel-31.3 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer | ||||||
| 4 | enable | past | trouble | better = good | tree rules | ||||
| 5 | enjoy | to-infinitive | better = good not said here | all better pleasure and happiness around better | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer pleasure=Stimulus | ||||
| 6 | swim | past | the great swans | the new comer | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme round comer=Trajectory | ||||
| 7 | stroke | past | better = good not said here | better's neck | with swans's beaks; as a welcome | vn touch-20-1 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent neck=Experiencer with beak=Instrument |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, Project Gutenberg book 27200 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg27200/201/167/