Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen, The Ugly Duckling, sentence 85
He ran over field and meadow till a storm arose, and he could hardly struggle against it.
Who acts: tongue, storm · What happens: run, arise, struggle · To what, where: field
This is a sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, The Ugly Duckling. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (tongue, storm), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 ran | nsubj |
| 2 | ran | run | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | over | over | ADP | _ | 4 field | case |
| 4 | field | field | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 ran | obl |
| 5 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 6 meadow | cc |
| 6 | meadow | meadow | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 field | conj |
| 7 | till | till | SCONJ | _ | 10 arose | mark |
| 8 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 9 storm | det |
| 9 | storm | storm | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 arose | nsubj |
| 10 | arose | arise | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 ran | advcl |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 struggle | punct |
| 12 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 16 struggle | cc |
| 13 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 16 struggle | nsubj |
| 14 | could | could | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 16 struggle | aux |
| 15 | hardly | hardly | ADV | _ | 16 struggle | advmod |
| 16 | struggle | struggle | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 2 ran | parataxis |
| 17 | against | against | ADP | _ | 18 it | case |
| 18 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 16 struggle | obl |
| 19 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 ran | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | run | past | tongue | field and meadow | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme over field=Trajectory | ||||
| 2 | arise | past | a storm | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 3 | struggle | could | tongue | against storm; hardly property | vn battle-36.4 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, Project Gutenberg book 27200 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg27200/201/85/