Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen, The Ugly Duckling, sentence 87
The storm continued so violent, that the duckling could go no farther; he sat down by the cottage, and then he noticed that the door was not quite closed in consequence of one of the hinges having given way.
Who acts: storm, duckling, tongue, hinges · What happens: continue, go, sit down, notice, not close, have · To what, where: door, given way · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, The Ugly Duckling. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (storm, duckling, tongue, hinges), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 storm | det |
| 2 | storm | storm | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 continued | nsubj |
| 3 | continued | continue | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | so | so | ADV | _ | 5 violent | advmod |
| 5 | violent | violent | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 continued | xcomp |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 go | punct |
| 7 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 11 go | mark |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 duckling | det |
| 9 | duckling | duckling | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 go | nsubj |
| 10 | could | could | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 11 go | aux |
| 11 | go | go | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 3 continued | conj |
| 12 | no | no | ADV | _ | 13 farther | advmod |
| 13 | farther | far | ADV | Degree=Cmp | 11 go | advmod |
| 14 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 16 sat | punct |
| 15 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 16 sat | nsubj |
| 16 | sat | sit | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 continued | parataxis |
| 17 | down | down | ADP | _ | 16 sat | compound:prt |
| 18 | by | by | ADP | _ | 20 cottage | case |
| 19 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 20 cottage | det |
| 20 | cottage | cottage | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 sat | obl |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 noticed | punct |
| 22 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 25 noticed | cc |
| 23 | then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 25 noticed | advmod |
| 24 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 25 noticed | nsubj |
| 25 | noticed | notice | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 16 sat | conj |
| 26 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 32 closed | mark |
| 27 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 28 door | det |
| 28 | door | door | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 closed | nsubj:pass |
| 29 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 32 closed | aux:pass |
| 30 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 32 closed | advmod |
| 31 | quite | quite | ADV | _ | 32 closed | advmod |
| 32 | closed | close | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 25 noticed | ccomp |
| 33 | in | in | ADP | _ | 34 consequence | case |
| 34 | consequence | consequence | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 closed | obl |
| 35 | of | of | ADP | _ | 36 one | case |
| 36 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 34 consequence | nmod |
| 37 | of | of | ADP | _ | 39 hinges | case |
| 38 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 39 hinges | det |
| 39 | hinges | hinge | NOUN | Number=Plur | 36 one | nmod |
| 40 | having | have | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 39 hinges | acl |
| 41 | given | give | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 42 way | amod |
| 42 | way | way | NOUN | Number=Sing | 40 having | obj |
| 43 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 continued | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | continue | past | the storm | violent property | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 2 | go | could | the duckling | far property | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 3 | sit down | past | tongue | by the cottage | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent by cottage=Location | ||||
| 4 | notice | past | tongue | then | vn see-30.1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus | ||||
| 5 | not close | past · passive | the door | in consequence of one of the hinges | vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP PP.recipient PP.theme»: subject=Patient in consequence=Topic | ||||
| 6 | have | gerund | the hinges not said here | given way | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent way=Patient | ||||
| 7 | give | participle | vn break_down-45.8 «NP V»: agent=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, Project Gutenberg book 27200 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg27200/201/87/