Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen, The Ugly Duckling, sentence 98

Now the tom cat was the master of the house, and the hen was mistress, and they always said, "We and the world," for they believed themselves to be half the world, and the better half too.

Who acts: tom cat, hen, ducklings, We · What happens: be, say, world, believe · To what, where: master, mistress, ducklings, world · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, The Ugly Duckling. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (tom cat, hen, ducklings, We), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Now	now	ADV	PronType=Dem	4 cat	advmod
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 cat	det
3	tom	tom	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 cat	compound
4	cat	cat	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 master	nsubj
5	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	7 master	cop
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 master	det
7	master	master	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
8	of	of	ADP	_	10 house	case
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 house	det
10	house	house	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 master	nmod
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	16 mistress	punct
12	and	and	CCONJ	_	16 mistress	cc
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 hen	det
14	hen	hen	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 mistress	nsubj
15	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	16 mistress	cop
16	mistress	mistress	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 master	conj
17	,	,	PUNCT	_	21 said	punct
18	and	and	CCONJ	_	21 said	cc
19	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	21 said	nsubj
20	always	always	ADV	PronType=Tot	21 said	advmod
21	said	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	7 master	parataxis
22	,	,	PUNCT	_	27 world	punct
23	"	"	PUNCT	_	27 world	punct
24	We	we	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	27 world	nsubj
25	and	and	CCONJ	_	27 world	cc
26	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	27 world	det
27	world	world	NOUN	Number=Sing	21 said	ccomp
28	,	,	PUNCT	_	27 world	punct
29	"	"	PUNCT	_	27 world	punct
30	for	for	SCONJ	_	32 believed	mark
31	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	32 believed	nsubj
32	believed	believe	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	21 said	advcl
33	themselves	themselves	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes	32 believed	obj
34	to	to	PART	_	38 world	mark
35	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	38 world	cop
36	half	half	DET	NumForm=Word NumType=Frac PronType=Ind	38 world	det:predet
37	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	38 world	det
38	world	world	NOUN	Number=Sing	32 believed	xcomp
39	,	,	PUNCT	_	43 half	punct
40	and	and	CCONJ	_	43 half	cc
41	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	43 half	det
42	better	good	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	43 half	amod
43	half	half	NOUN	Number=Sing NumForm=Word NumType=Frac	38 world	appos
44	too	too	ADV	_	43 half	advmod
45	.	.	PUNCT	_	7 master	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	is a	past	the tom cat	the master and mistress	of the house	tree rules
2	is a	past	the hen	mistress		tree rules
3	say speech: assert	past	ducklings = duckling		always property	vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent
4	world in a quote		We			tree rules
5	believe	past	ducklings = duckling	ducklings = duckling		vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer themselves=Stimulus
6	is a	to-infinitive	ducklings = duckling not said here	half world		tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, Project Gutenberg book 27200 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg27200/201/98/