Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen, The Wild Swans, part 1, sentence 35
No one but the watch-dog and the swallows knew her; and they were only poor animals, and could say nothing.
Who acts: one, swallows, poor animals · What happens: know, be, say · To what, where: queen, poor animals, nothing · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, The Wild Swans, part 1. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (one, swallows, poor animals), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | No | no | DET | PronType=Neg | 2 one | det |
| 2 | one | one | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 knew | nsubj |
| 3 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 7 dog | cc |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 dog | det |
| 5 | watch | watch | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 dog | compound |
| 6 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 5 watch | punct |
| 7 | dog | dog | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 one | conj |
| 8 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 10 swallows | cc |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 swallows | det |
| 10 | swallows | swallow | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 dog | conj |
| 11 | knew | know | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 12 | her | she | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 11 knew | obj |
| 13 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 19 animals | punct |
| 14 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 19 animals | cc |
| 15 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 19 animals | nsubj |
| 16 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 19 animals | cop |
| 17 | only | only | ADV | _ | 19 animals | advmod |
| 18 | poor | poor | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 19 animals | amod |
| 19 | animals | animal | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 knew | obl |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 say | punct |
| 21 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 23 say | cc |
| 22 | could | could | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 23 say | aux |
| 23 | say | say | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 19 animals | acl:relcl |
| 24 | nothing | nothing | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Neg | 23 say | obj |
| 25 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 11 knew | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | know | past | no one but the watch dog and the swallows | queen | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer she=Stimulus | ||||
| 2 | is a | past | swallows = swallow | poor animals | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | say speech: assert | could | poor animals not said here | nothing | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent nothing=Topic |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, Project Gutenberg book 27200 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg27200/208/35/