Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen, The Wild Swans, part 1, sentence 39
She had been but a short time in the wood when night came on, and she quite lost the path; so she laid herself down on the soft moss, offered up her evening prayer, and leaned her head against the stump of a tree.
Who acts: queen, night, soft moss · What happens: have, be, come on, lose, lay down, offer up · To what, where: short time, wood, path, queen, soft moss, evening prayer
This is a sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, The Wild Swans, part 1. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (queen, night, soft moss), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | She | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 had | nsubj |
| 2 | had | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | been | be | AUX | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 7 time | cop |
| 4 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 7 time | cc |
| 5 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 7 time | det |
| 6 | short | short | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 time | amod |
| 7 | time | time | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 had | obl |
| 8 | in | in | ADP | _ | 10 wood | case |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 wood | det |
| 10 | wood | wood | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 time | nmod |
| 11 | when | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 13 came | advmod |
| 12 | night | night | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 came | nsubj |
| 13 | came | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 7 time | acl:relcl |
| 14 | on | on | ADV | _ | 13 came | advmod |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 lost | punct |
| 16 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 19 lost | cc |
| 17 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 19 lost | nsubj |
| 18 | quite | quite | ADV | _ | 19 lost | advmod |
| 19 | lost | lose | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 13 came | conj |
| 20 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 21 path | det |
| 21 | path | path | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 lost | obj |
| 22 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 25 laid | punct |
| 23 | so | so | ADV | _ | 25 laid | advmod |
| 24 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 25 laid | nsubj |
| 25 | laid | lay | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 7 time | parataxis |
| 26 | herself | herself | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 25 laid | obj |
| 27 | down | down | ADP | _ | 25 laid | compound:prt |
| 28 | on | on | ADP | _ | 31 moss | case |
| 29 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 31 moss | det |
| 30 | soft | soft | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 31 moss | amod |
| 31 | moss | moss | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 laid | obl |
| 32 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 33 offered | punct |
| 33 | offered | offer | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 31 moss | acl |
| 34 | up | up | ADP | _ | 37 prayer | case |
| 35 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 37 prayer | nmod:poss |
| 36 | evening | evening | NOUN | Number=Sing | 37 prayer | compound |
| 37 | prayer | prayer | NOUN | Number=Sing | 33 offered | obl |
| 38 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 40 leaned | punct |
| 39 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 40 leaned | cc |
| 40 | leaned | learn | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 25 laid | conj |
| 41 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 42 head | nmod:poss |
| 42 | head | head | NOUN | Number=Sing | 40 leaned | obj |
| 43 | against | against | ADP | _ | 45 stump | case |
| 44 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 45 stump | det |
| 45 | stump | stump | NOUN | Number=Sing | 40 leaned | obl |
| 46 | of | of | ADP | _ | 48 tree | case |
| 47 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 48 tree | det |
| 48 | tree | tree | NOUN | Number=Sing | 45 stump | nmod |
| 49 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 had | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | have | past | queen | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 2 | is a | participle | a short time | the wood | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | come on | past | night | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 4 | lose | past | queen | the path | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent path=Eventuality | ||||
| 5 | lay down | past | queen | queen | the soft moss | vn put_spatial-9.2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent herself=Theme on moss=Destination | |||
| 6 | offer up | participle | the soft moss not said here | queen's evening prayer | vn future_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent prayer=Theme | ||||
| 7 | learn | past | queen not said here | queen's head | against the stump of a tree | vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent head=Topic | |||
| 8 | pray | queen | nom prayer «act intransitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, Project Gutenberg book 27200 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg27200/208/39/