Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen, The Wild Swans, part 1, sentence 8
In the palace there were great festivities, and the children played at receiving company; but instead of having, as usual, all the cakes and apples that were left, she gave them some sand in a tea-cup, and told them to pretend it was cake.
Who acts: children, queen, sand · What happens: play, receive, have, leave, give, tell · To what, where: company, cakes, that, sand, children, tea cup · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, The Wild Swans, part 1. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (children, queen, sand), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | In | in | ADP | _ | 3 palace | case |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 palace | det |
| 3 | palace | palace | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 were | obl |
| 4 | there | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 5 were | expl |
| 5 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 20 having | nsubj:outer |
| 6 | great | great | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 festivities | amod |
| 7 | festivities | festivity | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 were | nsubj |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 played | punct |
| 9 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 12 played | cc |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 children | det |
| 11 | children | child | NOUN | Number=Plur | 12 played | nsubj |
| 12 | played | play | VERB | Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 were | conj |
| 13 | at | at | SCONJ | _ | 14 receiving | mark |
| 14 | receiving | receive | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 12 played | advcl |
| 15 | company | company | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 receiving | obj |
| 16 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 20 having | punct |
| 17 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 20 having | cc |
| 18 | instead | instead | ADV | ExtPos=SCONJ | 20 having | mark |
| 19 | of | of | ADP | _ | 18 instead | fixed |
| 20 | having | have | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | root | root |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 usual | punct |
| 22 | as | as | ADP | _ | 23 usual | case |
| 23 | usual | usual | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 20 having | xcomp |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 having | punct |
| 25 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 27 cakes | det:predet |
| 26 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 27 cakes | det |
| 27 | cakes | cake | NOUN | Number=Plur | 20 having | obl |
| 28 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 29 apples | cc |
| 29 | apples | apple | NOUN | Number=Plur | 27 cakes | conj |
| 30 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 32 left | nsubj:pass |
| 31 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 32 left | aux:pass |
| 32 | left | leave | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 27 cakes | parataxis |
| 33 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 35 gave | punct |
| 34 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 35 gave | nsubj |
| 35 | gave | give | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 32 left | conj |
| 36 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 35 gave | iobj |
| 37 | some | some | DET | PronType=Ind | 38 sand | det |
| 38 | sand | sand | NOUN | Number=Sing | 35 gave | obj |
| 39 | in | in | ADP | _ | 43 cup | case |
| 40 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 43 cup | det |
| 41 | tea | tea | NOUN | Number=Sing | 43 cup | compound |
| 42 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 41 tea | punct |
| 43 | cup | cup | NOUN | Number=Sing | 35 gave | obl |
| 44 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 46 told | punct |
| 45 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 46 told | cc |
| 46 | told | tell | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 35 gave | conj |
| 47 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 46 told | iobj |
| 48 | to | to | PART | _ | 49 pretend | mark |
| 49 | pretend | pretend | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 46 told | xcomp |
| 50 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 52 cake | nsubj |
| 51 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 52 cake | cop |
| 52 | cake | cake | NOUN | Number=Sing | 49 pretend | ccomp |
| 53 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 20 having | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | play | past | the children | vn performance-26.7-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 2 | receive | gerund | the children not said here | company | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent company=Theme | ||||
| 3 | have | gerund | all cakes and apples | usual property | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 4 | leave | past · passive | that | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme | |||||
| 5 | give | past | queen | some sand | children = child | a tea cup | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent they=Recipient sand=Theme | ||
| 6 | tell speech: assert | past | queen not said here | children = child | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent they=Recipient clause=Topic | ||||
| 7 | pretend not said to happen | to-infinitive | queen not said here | tree rules | |||||
| 8 | is a | past | sand | cake | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, Project Gutenberg book 27200 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg27200/208/8/