Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen, The Story of the Wind, sentence 50
Crows and ravens croaked, as if in scorn, while the trees were cracking and falling around them.
Who acts: Crows, trees · What happens: croak, crack, fall
This is a sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, The Story of the Wind. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Crows, trees), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Crows | crow | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 croaked | nsubj |
| 2 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 3 ravens | cc |
| 3 | ravens | raven | NOUN | Number=Plur | 1 Crows | conj |
| 4 | croaked | croak | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 9 scorn | punct |
| 6 | as | as | ADP | _ | 9 scorn | case |
| 7 | if | if | SCONJ | _ | 9 scorn | mark |
| 8 | in | in | ADP | _ | 9 scorn | case |
| 9 | scorn | scorn | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 croaked | obl |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 cracking | punct |
| 11 | while | while | SCONJ | _ | 15 cracking | mark |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 trees | det |
| 13 | trees | tree | NOUN | Number=Plur | 15 cracking | nsubj |
| 14 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 15 cracking | aux |
| 15 | cracking | crack | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 4 croaked | advcl |
| 16 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 17 falling | cc |
| 17 | falling | fall | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 15 cracking | conj |
| 18 | around | around | ADP | _ | 19 them | case |
| 19 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 17 falling | obl |
| 20 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 croaked | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | croak | past | Crows and ravens | as scorn | vn animal_sounds-38 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 2 | crack | past · progressive | the trees | vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 3 | fall | gerund | the trees not said here | around trees = tree | vn occur-48.3 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme around they=Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, Project Gutenberg book 27200 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg27200/212/50/