Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen, The Windmill, sentence 44
The old beams had become worm-eaten and spongy--they lay in dust and ashes.
Who acts: old beams, beams · What happens: become, eat, lay · To what, where: dust
This is a sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, The Windmill. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (old beams, beams), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 beams | det |
| 2 | old | old | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 beams | amod |
| 3 | beams | beam | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 become | nsubj |
| 4 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 become | aux |
| 5 | become | become | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | root | root |
| 6 | worm | worm | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 eaten | compound |
| 7 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 6 worm | punct |
| 8 | eaten | eat | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 5 become | xcomp |
| 9 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 10 spongy | cc |
| 10 | spongy | spongy | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 eaten | conj |
| 11 | -- | -- | PUNCT | _ | 13 lay | punct |
| 12 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 13 lay | nsubj |
| 13 | lay | lay | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 become | parataxis |
| 14 | in | in | ADP | _ | 15 dust | case |
| 15 | dust | dust | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 lay | obl |
| 16 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 17 ashes | cc |
| 17 | ashes | ash | NOUN | Number=Plur | 15 dust | conj |
| 18 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 become | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | become | past · perfect | the old beams | tree rules | |||||
| 2 | eat | participle | the old beams not said here | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 3 | lay | present | beams = beam | dust and ashes | vn put_spatial-9.2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent in dust=Destination |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, Project Gutenberg book 27200 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg27200/213/44/