Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen, The Story of the Year, sentence 103

The birds sang, the fishes leaped up to the surface of the water, the gnats danced in the sunshine, and yonder, on a rock by the heaving salt sea, sat Summer himself, a strong man with sturdy limbs and long, dripping hair.

Who acts: birds, gnats · What happens: sing, leap up, dance, sit, drip · To what, where: fishes, surface, sunshine, Summer, rock, hair

This is a sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, The Story of the Year. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (birds, gnats), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 birds	det
2	birds	bird	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 sang	nsubj
3	sang	sing	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	6 fishes	punct
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 fishes	det
6	fishes	fish	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 sang	obj
7	leaped	leap	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	6 fishes	acl
8	up	up	ADP	_	7 leaped	compound:prt
9	to	to	ADP	_	11 surface	case
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 surface	det
11	surface	surface	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 leaped	obl
12	of	of	ADP	_	14 water	case
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 water	det
14	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 surface	nmod
15	,	,	PUNCT	_	18 danced	punct
16	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	17 gnats	det
17	gnats	gnat	NOUN	Number=Plur	18 danced	nsubj
18	danced	dance	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 sang	conj
19	in	in	ADP	_	21 sunshine	case
20	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	21 sunshine	det
21	sunshine	sunshine	NOUN	Number=Sing	18 danced	obl
22	,	,	PUNCT	_	35 sat	punct
23	and	and	CCONJ	_	35 sat	cc
24	yonder	yonder	ADV	_	35 sat	advmod
25	,	,	PUNCT	_	24 yonder	punct
26	on	on	ADP	_	28 rock	case
27	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	28 rock	det
28	rock	rock	NOUN	Number=Sing	35 sat	obl
29	by	by	ADP	_	33 sea	case
30	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	33 sea	det
31	heaving	heaving	NOUN	Number=Sing	33 sea	compound
32	salt	salt	NOUN	Number=Sing	33 sea	compound
33	sea	sea	NOUN	Number=Sing	28 rock	nmod
34	,	,	PUNCT	_	28 rock	punct
35	sat	sit	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	18 danced	conj
36	Summer	Summer	PROPN	Number=Sing	35 sat	obl:unmarked
37	himself	himself	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes	35 sat	obl
38	,	,	PUNCT	_	41 man	punct
39	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	41 man	det
40	strong	strong	ADJ	Degree=Pos	41 man	amod
41	man	man	NOUN	Number=Sing	35 sat	obl
42	with	with	ADP	_	44 limbs	case
43	sturdy	sturdy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	44 limbs	amod
44	limbs	limb	NOUN	Number=Plur	41 man	nmod
45	and	and	CCONJ	_	46 long	cc
46	long	long	ADJ	Degree=Pos	41 man	conj
47	,	,	PUNCT	_	48 dripping	punct
48	dripping	drip	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	35 sat	advcl
49	hair	hair	NOUN	Number=Sing	48 dripping	obj
50	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 sang	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	sing speech: express	past	the birds	the fishes			vn sound_emission-43.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location fish=Theme
2	leap up	participle		the fishes not said here	the surface of the water		vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme to surface=Destination
3	dance	past	the gnats		the sunshine		vn modes_of_being_with_motion-47.3 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in sunshine=Location
4	sit	past	the gnats not said here	Summer	a rock by the heaving salt sea	sun obl; a strong man with sturdy limbs obl; yonder property	vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent on rock=Location
5	drip	gerund	the gnats not said here	hair			vn substance_emission-43.4-1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location hair=Source

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, Project Gutenberg book 27200 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg27200/214/103/