Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen, The Story of the Year, sentence 17
It freezes harder than ever; I think mankind have made a mistake in reckoning time."
Who acts: sky, I · What happens: freeze, think, make · To what, where: mankind · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, The Story of the Year. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (sky, I), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | It | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 freezes | nsubj |
| 2 | freezes | freeze | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | harder | hard | ADV | Degree=Cmp | 2 freezes | advmod |
| 4 | than | than | ADP | _ | 5 ever | case |
| 5 | ever | ever | ADV | PronType=Ind | 3 harder | obl |
| 6 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 8 think | punct |
| 7 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 8 think | nsubj |
| 8 | think | think | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 2 freezes | conj |
| 9 | mankind | mankind | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 made | nsubj:pass |
| 10 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 11 made | aux |
| 11 | made | make | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 8 think | ccomp |
| 12 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 13 mistake | det |
| 13 | mistake | mistake | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 made | obj |
| 14 | in | in | ADP | _ | 16 time | case |
| 15 | reckoning | reckoning | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 time | compound |
| 16 | time | time | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 mistake | nmod |
| 17 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 freezes | punct |
| 18 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 2 freezes | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | freeze | present | sky | hard property | vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | ||||
| 2 | think speech: other | present | I | vn consider-29.9-2 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Theme | |||||
| 3 | make | present · perfect · passive | mankind | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP NP»: subject=Beneficiary mistake=Product |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, Project Gutenberg book 27200 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg27200/214/17/