Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen, The Story of the Year, sentence 35
The farmer, wrapped in warm clothing, sat in his sleigh, and beat his arms across his chest to keep off the cold.
Who acts: farmer · What happens: wrap, sit, beat, keep off · To what, where: farmer, warm clothing, sleigh, arms, chest, cold
This is a sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, The Story of the Year. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (farmer), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 farmer | det |
| 2 | farmer | farmer | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 sat | nsubj |
| 3 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 4 wrapped | punct |
| 4 | wrapped | wrap | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 2 farmer | acl |
| 5 | in | in | ADP | _ | 7 clothing | case |
| 6 | warm | warm | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 clothing | amod |
| 7 | clothing | clothing | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 wrapped | obl |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 farmer | punct |
| 9 | sat | sit | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 10 | in | in | ADP | _ | 12 sleigh | case |
| 11 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 12 sleigh | nmod:poss |
| 12 | sleigh | sleigh | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 sat | obl |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 beat | punct |
| 14 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 15 beat | cc |
| 15 | beat | beat | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 9 sat | conj |
| 16 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 17 arms | nmod:poss |
| 17 | arms | arm | NOUN | Number=Plur | 15 beat | obj |
| 18 | across | across | ADP | _ | 20 chest | case |
| 19 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 20 chest | nmod:poss |
| 20 | chest | chest | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 beat | obl |
| 21 | to | to | PART | _ | 22 keep | mark |
| 22 | keep | keep | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 15 beat | advcl |
| 23 | off | off | ADP | _ | 22 keep | compound:prt |
| 24 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 25 cold | det |
| 25 | cold | cold | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 keep | obj |
| 26 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 9 sat | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | wrap | participle | the farmer not said here | warm clothing | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V PP.destination»: agent=Theme in clothing=Destination | ||||
| 2 | sit | past | the farmer | farmer's sleigh | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in sleigh=Location | ||||
| 3 | beat | past | the farmer not said here | farmer's arms | farmer's chest | vn sound_emission-43.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location arm=Theme | |||
| 4 | keep off | to-infinitive | the farmer not said here | the cold | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cold=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, Project Gutenberg book 27200 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg27200/214/35/