Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen, The Story of the Year, sentence 75

Then the boy and the girl clapped their hands, and troops of birds came flying by, no one knew from whence, and they all twittered and chirped, singing "Spring has come!"

Who acts: boy, troops, one, Spring · What happens: clap, come, fly by, know, twitter, chirp · To what, where: hands · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, The Story of the Year. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (boy, troops, one, Spring), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Then	then	ADV	PronType=Dem	7 clapped	advmod
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 boy	det
3	boy	boy	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 clapped	nsubj
4	and	and	CCONJ	_	6 girl	cc
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 girl	det
6	girl	girl	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 boy	conj
7	clapped	clap	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
8	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	9 hands	nmod:poss
9	hands	hand	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 clapped	obj
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	15 came	punct
11	and	and	CCONJ	_	15 came	cc
12	troops	troops	NOUN	Number=Ptan	15 came	nsubj
13	of	of	ADP	_	14 birds	case
14	birds	bird	NOUN	Number=Plur	12 troops	nmod
15	came	come	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	7 clapped	parataxis
16	flying	fly	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	15 came	xcomp
17	by	by	ADP	_	16 flying	fixed
18	,	,	PUNCT	_	21 knew	punct
19	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	20 one	det
20	one	one	NOUN	Number=Sing	21 knew	nsubj
21	knew	know	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	15 came	conj
22	from	from	ADP	_	23 whence	case
23	whence	whence	ADV	PronType=Int	21 knew	advmod
24	,	,	PUNCT	_	28 twittered	punct
25	and	and	CCONJ	_	28 twittered	cc
26	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	28 twittered	nsubj
27	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	28 twittered	advmod
28	twittered	twitter	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	7 clapped	conj
29	and	and	CCONJ	_	30 chirped	cc
30	chirped	chirp	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	28 twittered	conj
31	,	,	PUNCT	_	32 singing	punct
32	singing	sing	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	30 chirped	advcl
33	"	"	PUNCT	_	36 come	punct
34	Spring	spring	NOUN	Number=Sing	36 come	nsubj
35	has	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	36 come	aux
36	come	come	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	32 singing	ccomp
37	!	!	PUNCT	_	36 come	punct
38	"	"	PUNCT	_	36 come	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	when	other	roles by
1	clap	past	the boy and the girl	boy's hands	then		vn sound_emission-43.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location hand=Theme
2	come	past	troops of birds				tree rules
3	fly by	gerund	troops of birds not said here				vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
4	know	past	no one			whence property	vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer
5	twitter	past	troops				vn animal_sounds-38 «NP V»: agent=Agent
6	chirp	past	troops not said here				vn animal_sounds-38 «NP V»: agent=Agent
7	sing speech: express	gerund	troops not said here				vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
8	come in a quote	present · perfect	Spring				vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, Project Gutenberg book 27200 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg27200/214/75/