Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen, The Dumb Book, sentence 8
They say that he was once an energetic young man, that he studied the dead languages, and sang and even composed many songs; then something had happened to him, and in consequence of this he gave himself up to drink, body and mind.
Who acts: windows, student, something · What happens: say, be, study, sing, compose, happen · To what, where: energetic young man, dead languages, many songs, student, consequence, body · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, The Dumb Book. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (windows, student, something), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | They | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 say | nsubj |
| 2 | say | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 10 man | mark |
| 4 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 10 man | nsubj |
| 5 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 10 man | cop |
| 6 | once | once | ADV | NumForm=Word NumType=Mult | 10 man | advmod |
| 7 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 10 man | det |
| 8 | energetic | energetic | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 man | amod |
| 9 | young | young | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 man | amod |
| 10 | man | man | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 say | ccomp |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 studied | punct |
| 12 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 14 studied | mark |
| 13 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 14 studied | nsubj |
| 14 | studied | study | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 say | parataxis |
| 15 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 17 languages | det |
| 16 | dead | dead | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 17 languages | amod |
| 17 | languages | language | NOUN | Number=Plur | 14 studied | obj |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 sang | punct |
| 19 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 20 sang | cc |
| 20 | sang | sing | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 14 studied | conj |
| 21 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 23 composed | cc |
| 22 | even | even | ADV | _ | 23 composed | advmod |
| 23 | composed | compose | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 20 sang | conj |
| 24 | many | many | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 25 songs | amod |
| 25 | songs | song | NOUN | Number=Plur | 23 composed | obj |
| 26 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 30 happened | punct |
| 27 | then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 28 something | advmod |
| 28 | something | something | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Ind | 30 happened | nsubj |
| 29 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 30 happened | aux |
| 30 | happened | happen | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 2 say | parataxis |
| 31 | to | to | ADP | _ | 32 him | case |
| 32 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 30 happened | obl |
| 33 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 40 gave | punct |
| 34 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 40 gave | cc |
| 35 | in | in | ADP | _ | 36 consequence | case |
| 36 | consequence | consequence | NOUN | Number=Sing | 40 gave | obl |
| 37 | of | of | ADP | _ | 38 this | case |
| 38 | this | this | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 36 consequence | nmod |
| 39 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 40 gave | nsubj |
| 40 | gave | give | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 30 happened | conj |
| 41 | himself | himself | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 40 gave | obj |
| 42 | up | up | ADP | _ | 40 gave | compound:prt |
| 43 | to | to | PART | _ | 44 drink | mark |
| 44 | drink | drink | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 40 gave | advcl |
| 45 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 46 body | punct |
| 46 | body | body | NOUN | Number=Sing | 44 drink | obj |
| 47 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 48 mind | cc |
| 48 | mind | mind | NOUN | Number=Sing | 46 body | conj |
| 49 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 say | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | say speech: assert | present | windows = window | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 2 | is a | past | student | a energetic young man | once property | tree rules | |||
| 3 | study | past | student | the dead languages | vn learn-14-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent language=Topic | ||||
| 4 | sing speech: express | past | student not said here | vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 5 | compose | past | student not said here | many songs | vn create-26.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent song=Result | ||||
| 6 | happen | past · perfect | something | student | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 7 | give up | past | student | student | consequence of this | vn resign-10.11-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent himself=Source | |||
| 8 | drink | to-infinitive | student not said here | body and mind | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent body=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, Project Gutenberg book 27200 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg27200/29/8/