Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen, By the Almshouse Window, sentence 21

"And the years roll by; they have no lack of dark days, but you have your cheerful young spirit, and you have gained a friend--you know not how.

Who acts: years, people, you · What happens: roll, have, gain, not know, lack · To what, where: lack, cheerful young spirit, friend, dark days

This is a sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, By the Almshouse Window. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (years, people, you), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	"	"	PUNCT	_	5 roll	punct
2	And	and	CCONJ	_	5 roll	cc
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 years	det
4	years	year	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 roll	nsubj
5	roll	roll	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	by	by	ADP	_	5 roll	obl
7	;	;	PUNCT	_	9 have	punct
8	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	9 have	nsubj
9	have	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 roll	conj
10	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	11 lack	det
11	lack	lack	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 have	obj
12	of	of	ADP	_	14 days	case
13	dark	dark	ADJ	Degree=Pos	14 days	amod
14	days	day	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 lack	nmod
15	,	,	PUNCT	_	18 have	punct
16	but	but	CCONJ	_	18 have	cc
17	you	you	PRON	Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	18 have	nsubj
18	have	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 have	conj
19	your	your	PRON	Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	22 spirit	nmod:poss
20	cheerful	cheerful	ADJ	Degree=Pos	22 spirit	amod
21	young	young	ADJ	Degree=Pos	22 spirit	amod
22	spirit	spirit	NOUN	Number=Sing	18 have	obj
23	,	,	PUNCT	_	27 gained	punct
24	and	and	CCONJ	_	27 gained	cc
25	you	you	PRON	Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	27 gained	nsubj
26	have	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	27 gained	aux
27	gained	gain	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	5 roll	conj
28	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	29 friend	det
29	friend	friend	NOUN	Number=Sing	27 gained	obj
30	--	--	PUNCT	_	32 know	punct
31	you	you	PRON	Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	32 know	nsubj
32	know	know	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	27 gained	conj
33	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	32 know	advmod
34	how	how	ADV	PronType=Int	32 know	advmod
35	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 roll	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	roll in a quote	present	the years		vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	have in a quote	present	people	no lack of dark days	vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent lack=Patient
3	have in a quote	present	you	your cheerful young spirit	vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent spirit=Patient
4	gain in a quote	present · perfect	you	a friend	vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent friend=Theme
5	not know in a quote	present	you		vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer
6	lack in a quote			dark days	nom lack «state transitive»: of=patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, Project Gutenberg book 27200 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg27200/3/21/