Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen, The Fir Tree, sentence 1
Far down in the forest, where the warm sun and the fresh air made a sweet resting-place, grew a pretty little fir-tree; and yet it was not happy, it wished so much to be tall like its companions--the pines and firs which grew around it.
Who acts: warm sun, tree, companions · What happens: make, grow, not be, wish, be · To what, where: sweet resting place, forest, pretty little fir tree, much, tree
This is a sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, The Fir Tree. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (warm sun, tree, companions), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Far | far | ADV | Degree=Pos | 2 down | advmod |
| 2 | down | down | ADV | _ | 5 forest | advmod |
| 3 | in | in | ADP | _ | 5 forest | case |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 forest | det |
| 5 | forest | forest | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 made | obl |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 made | punct |
| 7 | where | where | ADV | PronType=Rel | 15 made | advmod |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 sun | det |
| 9 | warm | warm | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 sun | amod |
| 10 | sun | sun | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 made | nsubj |
| 11 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 14 air | cc |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 air | det |
| 13 | fresh | fresh | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 14 air | amod |
| 14 | air | air | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 sun | conj |
| 15 | made | make | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 16 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 20 place | det |
| 17 | sweet | sweet | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 20 place | amod |
| 18 | resting | resting | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 place | compound |
| 19 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 18 resting | punct |
| 20 | place | place | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 made | obj |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 22 grew | punct |
| 22 | grew | grow | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 15 made | conj |
| 23 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 28 tree | det |
| 24 | pretty | pretty | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 28 tree | amod |
| 25 | little | little | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 28 tree | amod |
| 26 | fir | fir | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 tree | compound |
| 27 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 26 fir | punct |
| 28 | tree | tree | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 grew | obj |
| 29 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 35 happy | punct |
| 30 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 35 happy | cc |
| 31 | yet | yet | ADV | _ | 35 happy | advmod |
| 32 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 35 happy | nsubj |
| 33 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 35 happy | cop |
| 34 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 35 happy | advmod |
| 35 | happy | happy | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 15 made | parataxis |
| 36 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 38 wished | punct |
| 37 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 38 wished | nsubj |
| 38 | wished | wish | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 15 made | conj |
| 39 | so | so | ADV | _ | 40 much | advmod |
| 40 | much | much | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 38 wished | obj |
| 41 | to | to | PART | _ | 43 tall | mark |
| 42 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 43 tall | cop |
| 43 | tall | tall | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 40 much | advcl |
| 44 | like | like | ADP | _ | 46 companions | case |
| 45 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 46 companions | nmod:poss |
| 46 | companions | companion | NOUN | Number=Plur | 43 tall | obl |
| 47 | -- | -- | PUNCT | _ | 49 pines | punct |
| 48 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 49 pines | det |
| 49 | pines | pine | NOUN | Number=Plur | 46 companions | conj |
| 50 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 51 firs | cc |
| 51 | firs | fir | NOUN | Number=Plur | 46 companions | conj |
| 52 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 53 grew | nsubj |
| 53 | grew | grow | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 46 companions | acl:relcl |
| 54 | around | around | ADP | _ | 55 it | case |
| 55 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 53 grew | obl |
| 56 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 15 made | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | make | past | the warm sun and the fresh air | a sweet resting place | the forest | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset place=Product | |||
| 2 | grow | past | the warm sun and the fresh air not said here | a pretty little fir tree | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location tree=Theme | ||||
| 3 | not is | past | tree | yet | happy property | tree rules | |||
| 4 | wish | past | tree | much | vn wish-62 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot much=Theme | ||||
| 5 | is | to-infinitive | tree not said here | like tree's companions and the pines and firs; tall property | tree rules | ||||
| 6 | grow | past | tree's companions and the pines and firs | tree | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme around it=Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, Project Gutenberg book 27200 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg27200/33/1/