Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen, The Fir Tree, sentence 52
As the axe cut through the stem, and divided the pith, the tree fell with a groan to the earth, conscious of pain and faintness, and forgetting all its anticipations of happiness, in sorrow at leaving its home in the forest.
Who acts: tree · What happens: cut, divide, fall, forget, leave · To what, where: axe, pith, anticipations, sorrow, home, forest
This is a sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, The Fir Tree. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (tree), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | As | as | ADP | _ | 3 axe | case |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 axe | det |
| 3 | axe | axe | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 divided | obl |
| 4 | cut | cut | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 3 axe | acl |
| 5 | through | through | ADP | _ | 7 stem | case |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 stem | det |
| 7 | stem | stem | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 cut | obl |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 divided | punct |
| 9 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 10 divided | cc |
| 10 | divided | divide | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 pith | det |
| 12 | pith | pith | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 divided | obj |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 fell | punct |
| 14 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 tree | det |
| 15 | tree | tree | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 fell | nsubj |
| 16 | fell | fall | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 10 divided | conj |
| 17 | with | with | ADP | _ | 19 groan | case |
| 18 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 19 groan | det |
| 19 | groan | groan | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 fell | obl |
| 20 | to | to | ADP | _ | 22 earth | case |
| 21 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 22 earth | det |
| 22 | earth | earth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 fell | obl |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 24 conscious | punct |
| 24 | conscious | conscious | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 22 earth | amod |
| 25 | of | of | ADP | _ | 26 pain | case |
| 26 | pain | pain | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 conscious | obl |
| 27 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 28 faintness | cc |
| 28 | faintness | faintness | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 pain | conj |
| 29 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 31 forgetting | punct |
| 30 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 31 forgetting | cc |
| 31 | forgetting | forget | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 16 fell | advcl |
| 32 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 34 anticipations | det:predet |
| 33 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 34 anticipations | nmod:poss |
| 34 | anticipations | anticipation | NOUN | Number=Plur | 31 forgetting | obj |
| 35 | of | of | ADP | _ | 36 happiness | case |
| 36 | happiness | happiness | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 anticipations | nmod |
| 37 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 39 sorrow | punct |
| 38 | in | in | ADP | _ | 39 sorrow | case |
| 39 | sorrow | sorrow | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 forgetting | obl |
| 40 | at | at | SCONJ | _ | 41 leaving | mark |
| 41 | leaving | leave | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 31 forgetting | advcl |
| 42 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 43 home | nmod:poss |
| 43 | home | home | NOUN | Number=Sing | 41 leaving | obj |
| 44 | in | in | ADP | _ | 46 forest | case |
| 45 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 46 forest | det |
| 46 | forest | forest | NOUN | Number=Sing | 41 leaving | obl |
| 47 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 10 divided | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | cut | participle | the axe not said here | through the stem | vn cut-21.1-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent through stem=Patient | ||||
| 2 | divide | past | the pith | as the axe | vn multiply-108-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent pith=Theme | ||||
| 3 | fall | past | the tree | with a groan; to the earth | vn acquiesce-95.1-1 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent to earth=Theme | ||||
| 4 | forget | gerund | the tree not said here | faintness's anticipations of happiness | sorrow | tree rules | |||
| 5 | leave | gerund | the tree not said here | sorrow's home | the forest | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent home=Theme in forest=Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, Project Gutenberg book 27200 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg27200/33/52/