Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen, The Golden Treasure, sentence 22
They had, on their long journey, seen more durable characters engraven on rocks, and on the walls of the temples in Hindostan, mighty deeds of great kings, immortal names, so old that no one now could read or speak them.
Who acts: swallows, long journey, one · What happens: have, see, read, speak, journey · To what, where: long journey, durable characters, rocks, swallows · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, The Golden Treasure. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (swallows, long journey, one), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | They | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 had | nsubj |
| 2 | had | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 7 journey | punct |
| 4 | on | on | ADP | _ | 7 journey | case |
| 5 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 7 journey | nmod:poss |
| 6 | long | long | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 journey | amod |
| 7 | journey | journey | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 had | obj |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 9 seen | punct |
| 9 | seen | see | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 7 journey | acl |
| 10 | more | more | ADV | Degree=Cmp | 11 durable | advmod |
| 11 | durable | durable | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 12 characters | amod |
| 12 | characters | character | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 seen | obj |
| 13 | engraven | engraven | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 seen | obj |
| 14 | on | on | ADP | _ | 15 rocks | case |
| 15 | rocks | rock | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 seen | obl |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 walls | punct |
| 17 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 20 walls | cc |
| 18 | on | on | ADP | _ | 20 walls | case |
| 19 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 20 walls | det |
| 20 | walls | wall | NOUN | Number=Plur | 15 rocks | conj |
| 21 | of | of | ADP | _ | 23 temples | case |
| 22 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 23 temples | det |
| 23 | temples | temple | NOUN | Number=Plur | 20 walls | nmod |
| 24 | in | in | ADP | _ | 25 Hindostan | case |
| 25 | Hindostan | Hindostan | PROPN | Number=Sing | 23 temples | nmod |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 28 deeds | punct |
| 27 | mighty | mighty | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 28 deeds | amod |
| 28 | deeds | deed | NOUN | Number=Plur | 15 rocks | conj |
| 29 | of | of | ADP | _ | 31 kings | case |
| 30 | great | great | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 31 kings | amod |
| 31 | kings | king | NOUN | Number=Plur | 28 deeds | nmod |
| 32 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 34 names | punct |
| 33 | immortal | immortal | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 34 names | amod |
| 34 | names | name | NOUN | Number=Plur | 15 rocks | conj |
| 35 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 37 old | punct |
| 36 | so | so | ADV | _ | 37 old | advmod |
| 37 | old | old | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 2 had | parataxis |
| 38 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 43 read | mark |
| 39 | no | no | DET | PronType=Neg | 40 one | det |
| 40 | one | one | NOUN | Number=Sing | 43 read | nsubj |
| 41 | now | now | ADV | PronType=Dem | 40 one | advmod |
| 42 | could | could | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 43 read | aux |
| 43 | read | read | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 37 old | advcl |
| 44 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 45 speak | cc |
| 45 | speak | speak | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 43 read | conj |
| 46 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 45 speak | obj |
| 47 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 had | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | have | past | swallows = swallow | swallows's long journey | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent journey=Patient | ||||
| 2 | see | participle | swallows's long journey not said here | durable characters | rocks and the walls of the temples in Hindostan and mighty deeds of great kings and immortal names | tree rules | |||
| 3 | read | could | no one | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 4 | speak speech: other | infinitive | no one not said here | swallows = swallow | tree rules | ||||
| 5 | journey | swallows = swallow | nom journey «act transitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, Project Gutenberg book 27200 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg27200/39/22/