Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen, The Clerk's Transformation, sentence 104
It is Polly's birthday," she added in a simpering tone, "and the little field-bird has come to offer his congratulations."
Who acts: cage, Polly, little field bird, parrot · What happens: be, add, simper, come, offer, congratulate · To what, where: birthday, simpering tone, congratulations
This is a sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, The Clerk's Transformation. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (cage, Polly, little field bird, parrot), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | It | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 5 birthday | nsubj |
| 2 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 birthday | cop |
| 3 | Polly | Polly | PROPN | Number=Sing | 5 birthday | nmod:poss |
| 4 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 3 Polly | case |
| 5 | birthday | birthday | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 9 added | punct |
| 7 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 9 added | punct |
| 8 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 9 added | nsubj |
| 9 | added | add | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 birthday | conj |
| 10 | in | in | ADP | _ | 13 tone | case |
| 11 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 13 tone | det |
| 12 | simpering | simper | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 13 tone | amod |
| 13 | tone | tone | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 added | obl |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 9 added | punct |
| 15 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 9 added | punct |
| 16 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 23 come | cc |
| 17 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 21 bird | det |
| 18 | little | little | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 21 bird | amod |
| 19 | field | field | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 bird | compound |
| 20 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 19 field | punct |
| 21 | bird | bird | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 come | nsubj |
| 22 | has | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 23 come | aux |
| 23 | come | come | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 9 added | conj |
| 24 | to | to | PART | _ | 25 offer | mark |
| 25 | offer | offer | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 23 come | xcomp |
| 26 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 27 congratulations | nmod:poss |
| 27 | congratulations | congratulation | NOUN | Number=Plur | 25 offer | obj |
| 28 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 birthday | punct |
| 29 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 5 birthday | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | present | cage | Polly's birthday | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | add speech: assert in a quote | past | Polly | a simpering tone | vn mix-22.1-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 3 | simper in a quote | gerund | vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 4 | come | present · perfect | the little field bird | tree rules | |||||
| 5 | offer | to-infinitive | the little field bird not said here | parrot's congratulations | vn future_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent congratulation=Theme | ||||
| 6 | congratulate | parrot | nom congratulation «communication intransitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, Project Gutenberg book 27200 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg27200/44/104/