Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen, The Clerk's Transformation, sentence 135
"Do leave off those dismal strains," said the parrot; "sing something to make us laugh; laughter is the sign of the highest order of intellect.
Who acts: parrot, us, laughter · What happens: leave off, say, sing, make, laugh, be · To what, where: dismal strains, something, us, sign, intellect · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, The Clerk's Transformation. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (parrot, us, laughter), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 3 leave | punct |
| 2 | Do | do | AUX | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | 3 leave | aux |
| 3 | leave | leave | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 10 said | ccomp |
| 4 | off | off | ADP | _ | 3 leave | compound:prt |
| 5 | those | that | DET | Number=Plur PronType=Dem | 7 strains | det |
| 6 | dismal | dismal | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 strains | amod |
| 7 | strains | strain | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 leave | obj |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 3 leave | punct |
| 9 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 3 leave | punct |
| 10 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 parrot | det |
| 12 | parrot | parrot | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 said | obj |
| 13 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 15 sing | punct |
| 14 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 15 sing | punct |
| 15 | sing | sing | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 10 said | parataxis |
| 16 | something | something | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Ind | 15 sing | obj |
| 17 | to | to | PART | _ | 18 make | mark |
| 18 | make | make | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 16 something | acl |
| 19 | us | we | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 18 make | obj |
| 20 | laugh | laugh | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 18 make | xcomp |
| 21 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 25 sign | punct |
| 22 | laughter | laughter | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 sign | nsubj |
| 23 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 25 sign | cop |
| 24 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 25 sign | det |
| 25 | sign | sign | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 sing | conj |
| 26 | of | of | ADP | _ | 29 order | case |
| 27 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 29 order | det |
| 28 | highest | high | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 29 order | amod |
| 29 | order | order | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 sign | nmod |
| 30 | of | of | ADP | _ | 31 intellect | case |
| 31 | intellect | intellect | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 order | nmod |
| 32 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 10 said | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | leave off in a quote | infinitive · do-support | that dismal strains | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent strain=Theme | |||||
| 2 | say speech: assert | past | the parrot | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 3 | sing speech: express in a quote | infinitive | something | vn sound_emission-43.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location something=Theme | |||||
| 4 | make in a quote | to-infinitive | us | tree rules | |||||
| 5 | laugh in a quote | infinitive | us not said here | vn nonverbal_expression-40.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 6 | is a in a quote | present | laughter | the sign | of the highest order of intellect | tree rules | |||
| 7 | order in a quote | intellect | nom order «communication transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, Project Gutenberg book 27200 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg27200/44/135/