Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen, A Leaf From Heaven, sentence 44
The poor swineherd took these words to heart, for they were addressed to him; he knew not that there were others who were equally ignorant.
Who acts: poor swineherd, origin, others · What happens: take, address, not know, be · To what, where: words, word, origin
This is a sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, A Leaf From Heaven. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (poor swineherd, origin, others), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 swineherd | det |
| 2 | poor | poor | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 swineherd | amod |
| 3 | swineherd | swineherd | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 took | nsubj |
| 4 | took | take | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | these | this | DET | Number=Plur PronType=Dem | 6 words | det |
| 6 | words | word | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 took | obj |
| 7 | to | to | PART | _ | 8 heart | mark |
| 8 | heart | heart | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 words | appos |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 addressed | punct |
| 10 | for | for | SCONJ | _ | 13 addressed | mark |
| 11 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 13 addressed | nsubj:pass |
| 12 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 13 addressed | aux:pass |
| 13 | addressed | address | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 4 took | conj |
| 14 | to | to | ADP | _ | 15 him | case |
| 15 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 13 addressed | obl |
| 16 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 18 knew | punct |
| 17 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 18 knew | nsubj |
| 18 | knew | know | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 took | parataxis |
| 19 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 18 knew | advmod |
| 20 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 22 were | mark |
| 21 | there | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 22 were | expl |
| 22 | were | be | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 18 knew | advcl |
| 23 | others | other | NOUN | Number=Plur | 22 were | nsubj |
| 24 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 27 ignorant | nsubj |
| 25 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 27 ignorant | cop |
| 26 | equally | equally | ADV | _ | 27 ignorant | advmod |
| 27 | ignorant | ignorant | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 23 others | acl:relcl |
| 28 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 took | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | take | past | the poor swineherd | this words | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent word=Theme | ||||
| 2 | address | past · passive | word | origin | vn illustrate-25.3 «NP V NP»: subject=Destination | ||||
| 3 | not know | past | origin | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer | |||||
| 4 | be | past | others | there | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 5 | is | past | others | equally, ignorant property | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, Project Gutenberg book 27200 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg27200/49/44/