Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen, Anne Lisbeth, sentence 24

There had only been a kind of twilight all day, and it soon grew quite dark, and so bitterly cold, that the skipper took a dram to warm him.

Who acts: kind, skipper · What happens: have, be, grow, take, warm · To what, where: kind, dram, skipper

This is a sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, Anne Lisbeth. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (kind, skipper), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	There	there	PRON	PronType=Dem	2 had	expl
2	had	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	only	only	ADV	_	6 kind	advmod
4	been	be	AUX	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	6 kind	cop
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 kind	det
6	kind	kind	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 had	obj
7	of	of	ADP	_	8 twilight	case
8	twilight	twilight	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 kind	nmod
9	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	10 day	det
10	day	day	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 had	obl:unmarked
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	15 grew	punct
12	and	and	CCONJ	_	15 grew	cc
13	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	15 grew	nsubj
14	soon	soon	ADV	Degree=Pos	15 grew	advmod
15	grew	grow	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 had	conj
16	quite	quite	ADV	_	17 dark	advmod
17	dark	dark	ADJ	Degree=Pos	15 grew	xcomp
18	,	,	PUNCT	_	22 cold	punct
19	and	and	CCONJ	_	22 cold	cc
20	so	so	ADV	_	22 cold	advmod
21	bitterly	bitterly	ADV	_	22 cold	advmod
22	cold	cold	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 had	parataxis
23	,	,	PUNCT	_	27 took	punct
24	that	that	SCONJ	_	27 took	mark
25	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	26 skipper	det
26	skipper	skipper	NOUN	Number=Sing	27 took	nsubj
27	took	take	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 had	parataxis
28	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	29 dram	det
29	dram	dram	NOUN	Number=Sing	27 took	obj
30	to	to	PART	_	31 warm	mark
31	warm	warm	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	27 took	advcl
32	him	he	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	31 warm	obj
33	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 had	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	have	past			there	day		vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
2	is a	participle		a kind			of twilight	tree rules
3	grow	past	kind				dark, soon property	vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
4	take	past	the skipper	a dram				vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent dram=Theme
5	warm	to-infinitive	the skipper not said here	skipper				vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent he=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, Project Gutenberg book 27200 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg27200/5/24/