Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen, Ib and Little Christina, sentence 127
At first Ib said not a word, but he became as white as the wall, and shook his head gently, and then he spoke,--"Christina must not refuse this good fortune."
Who acts: Ib, Christina · What happens: not say, become, shake, speak, not refuse · To what, where: word, head, good fortune · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, Ib and Little Christina. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Ib, Christina), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | At | at | ADP | _ | 2 first | case |
| 2 | first | first | ADV | NumForm=Word NumType=Ord | 4 said | obl |
| 3 | Ib | Ib | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 said | nsubj |
| 4 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 4 said | advmod |
| 6 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 7 word | det |
| 7 | word | word | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 said | obj |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 became | punct |
| 9 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 11 became | cc |
| 10 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 11 became | nsubj |
| 11 | became | become | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 said | conj |
| 12 | as | as | ADV | _ | 13 white | advmod |
| 13 | white | white | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 11 became | xcomp |
| 14 | as | as | ADP | _ | 16 wall | case |
| 15 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 16 wall | det |
| 16 | wall | wall | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 white | obl |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 shook | punct |
| 18 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 19 shook | cc |
| 19 | shook | shake | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 said | conj |
| 20 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 21 head | nmod:poss |
| 21 | head | head | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 shook | obj |
| 22 | gently | gently | ADV | _ | 19 shook | advmod |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 27 spoke | punct |
| 24 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 27 spoke | cc |
| 25 | then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 27 spoke | advmod |
| 26 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 27 spoke | nsubj |
| 27 | spoke | speak | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 said | parataxis |
| 28 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 27 spoke | punct |
| 29 | -- | -- | PUNCT | _ | 34 refuse | punct |
| 30 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 34 refuse | punct |
| 31 | Christina | Christina | PROPN | Number=Sing | 34 refuse | nsubj |
| 32 | must | must | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 34 refuse | aux |
| 33 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 34 refuse | advmod |
| 34 | refuse | refuse | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 4 said | ccomp |
| 35 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 37 fortune | det |
| 36 | good | good | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 37 fortune | amod |
| 37 | fortune | fortune | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 refuse | obj |
| 38 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 34 refuse | punct |
| 39 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 34 refuse | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | not say speech: assert | past | Ib | a word | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | become | past | Ib | white property | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient | ||||
| 3 | shake | past | Ib not said here | Ib's head | gently property | vn shake-22.3-2 «NP V NP together»: agent=Agent head=Patient | |||
| 4 | speak speech: other | past | Ib | then | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 5 | not refuse in a quote | must | Christina | this good fortune | vn reject-77.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fortune=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, Project Gutenberg book 27200 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg27200/51/127/