Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen, Ib and Little Christina, sentence 161
The ploughshare struck against something which he fancied was a firestone, and then he saw glittering in the earth a splinter of shining metal which the plough had cut from something which gleamed brightly in the furrow.
Who acts: ploughshare, sun, firestone, splinter · What happens: strike, fancy, be, see, glitter, shine · To what, where: ploughshare, something, firestone, earth, metal, furrow
This is a sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, Ib and Little Christina. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (ploughshare, sun, firestone, splinter), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 ploughshare | det |
| 2 | ploughshare | ploughshare | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 firestone | nsubj |
| 3 | struck | strike | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 2 ploughshare | acl |
| 4 | against | against | ADP | _ | 5 something | case |
| 5 | something | something | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Ind | 3 struck | obl |
| 6 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 8 fancied | nsubj |
| 7 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 8 fancied | nsubj |
| 8 | fancied | fancy | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 something | acl:relcl |
| 9 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 11 firestone | cop |
| 10 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 11 firestone | det |
| 11 | firestone | firestone | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 saw | punct |
| 13 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 16 saw | cc |
| 14 | then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 16 saw | advmod |
| 15 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 16 saw | nsubj |
| 16 | saw | see | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 11 firestone | acl:relcl |
| 17 | glittering | glitter | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 16 saw | xcomp |
| 18 | in | in | ADP | _ | 20 earth | case |
| 19 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 20 earth | det |
| 20 | earth | earth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 glittering | obl |
| 21 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 22 splinter | det |
| 22 | splinter | splinter | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 earth | conj |
| 23 | of | of | SCONJ | _ | 24 shining | mark |
| 24 | shining | shine | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 22 splinter | acl |
| 25 | metal | metal | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 shining | obj |
| 26 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 30 cut | nsubj:pass |
| 27 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 28 plough | det |
| 28 | plough | plough | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 cut | nsubj:pass |
| 29 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 30 cut | aux |
| 30 | cut | cut | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 25 metal | acl:relcl |
| 31 | from | from | ADP | _ | 32 something | case |
| 32 | something | something | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Ind | 30 cut | obl |
| 33 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 34 gleamed | nsubj |
| 34 | gleamed | gleam | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 32 something | acl:relcl |
| 35 | brightly | brightly | ADV | _ | 34 gleamed | advmod |
| 36 | in | in | ADP | _ | 38 furrow | case |
| 37 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 38 furrow | det |
| 38 | furrow | furrow | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 gleamed | obl |
| 39 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 11 firestone | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | strike | participle | the ploughshare not said here | something | vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme against something=Location | ||||
| 2 | fancy | past | vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer | ||||||
| 3 | is a | past | the ploughshare | a firestone | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | see | past | sun | a firestone not said here | then | tree rules | |||
| 5 | glitter | gerund | a firestone not said here | the earth and a splinter | vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in earth=Location | ||||
| 6 | shine | gerund | a splinter not said here | metal | vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent metal=Theme | ||||
| 7 | cut | past · perfect · passive | metal | something | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V PP»: subject=Product from something=Material | ||||
| 8 | gleam | past | the furrow | brightly property | vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in furrow=Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, Project Gutenberg book 27200 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg27200/51/161/