Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen, III. the Uncle, sentence 44
Then Rudy clung with his arms to the trunk of the nearest tree, while his uncle climbed above him, and held fast by the branches.
Who acts: Rudy, uncle · What happens: cling, climb, hold
This is a sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, III. the Uncle. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Rudy, uncle), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 3 clung | advmod |
| 2 | Rudy | Rudy | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 clung | nsubj |
| 3 | clung | cling | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | with | with | ADP | _ | 6 arms | case |
| 5 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 6 arms | nmod:poss |
| 6 | arms | arm | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 clung | obl |
| 7 | to | to | ADP | _ | 9 trunk | case |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 trunk | det |
| 9 | trunk | trunk | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 clung | obl |
| 10 | of | of | ADP | _ | 13 tree | case |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 tree | det |
| 12 | nearest | near | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 13 tree | amod |
| 13 | tree | tree | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 trunk | nmod |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 climbed | punct |
| 15 | while | while | SCONJ | _ | 18 climbed | mark |
| 16 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 17 uncle | nmod:poss |
| 17 | uncle | uncle | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 climbed | nsubj |
| 18 | climbed | climb | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 clung | parataxis |
| 19 | above | above | ADP | _ | 20 him | case |
| 20 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 18 climbed | obl |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 held | punct |
| 22 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 23 held | cc |
| 23 | held | hold | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 18 climbed | conj |
| 24 | fast | fast | ADV | Degree=Pos | 23 held | advmod |
| 25 | by | by | ADP | _ | 27 branches | case |
| 26 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 27 branches | det |
| 27 | branches | branch | NOUN | Number=Plur | 23 held | obl |
| 28 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 clung | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | cling | past | Rudy | then | with Rudy's arms; to the trunk of the nearest tree | vn cling-22.5 «NP V PP.co-theme»: agent=Theme with arm=Co-Theme | |||
| 2 | climb | past | Rudy's uncle | above Rudy | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme above he=Trajectory | ||||
| 3 | hold | participle | Rudy's uncle not said here | by the branches; fast property | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme by branch=Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, Project Gutenberg book 27200 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg27200/54/44/