Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen, III. the Uncle, sentence 49
Rudy stood by, pale and trembling; it was the first shock of his life, the first time he had ever felt fear.
Who acts: Rudy, hand · What happens: stand by, tremble, be, feel · To what, where: first shock, fear
This is a sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, III. the Uncle. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Rudy, hand), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Rudy | Rudy | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 stood | nsubj |
| 2 | stood | stand | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | by | by | ADP | _ | 2 stood | obl |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 5 pale | punct |
| 5 | pale | pale | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 2 stood | xcomp |
| 6 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 7 trembling | cc |
| 7 | trembling | tremble | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 5 pale | conj |
| 8 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 13 shock | punct |
| 9 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 13 shock | nsubj |
| 10 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 13 shock | cop |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 shock | det |
| 12 | first | first | ADJ | Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord | 13 shock | amod |
| 13 | shock | shock | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 stood | parataxis |
| 14 | of | of | ADP | _ | 16 life | case |
| 15 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 16 life | nmod:poss |
| 16 | life | life | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 shock | nmod |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 time | punct |
| 18 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 20 time | det |
| 19 | first | first | ADJ | Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord | 20 time | amod |
| 20 | time | time | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 shock | conj |
| 21 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 24 felt | nsubj |
| 22 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 24 felt | aux |
| 23 | ever | ever | ADV | PronType=Ind | 24 felt | advmod |
| 24 | felt | feel | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 20 time | acl:relcl |
| 25 | fear | fear | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 felt | xcomp |
| 26 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 stood | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | stand by | past | Rudy | pale property | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 2 | tremble | gerund | Rudy not said here | vn modes_of_being_with_motion-47.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 3 | is a | past | hand | the first shock and the first time | of Rudy's life | tree rules | |||
| 4 | feel | past · perfect | Rudy | fear | ever | vn hunt-35.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent time=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, Project Gutenberg book 27200 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg27200/54/49/