Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen, VII. the Eagle's Nest, sentence 24
At last they heard a rustling, whirring sound above them, and a large hovering object darkened the air.
Who acts: hunters, large hovering object · What happens: hear, whir, hover, darken · To what, where: rustling, last, sound, air
This is a sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, VII. the Eagle's Nest. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (hunters, large hovering object), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | At | at | ADP | _ | 2 last | case |
| 2 | last | last | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 heard | obl |
| 3 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 4 heard | nsubj |
| 4 | heard | hear | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 6 rustling | det |
| 6 | rustling | rustling | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 heard | obj |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 whirring | punct |
| 8 | whirring | whir | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 4 heard | advcl |
| 9 | sound | sound | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 whirring | obj |
| 10 | above | above | ADP | _ | 11 them | case |
| 11 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 8 whirring | obl |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 darkened | punct |
| 13 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 18 darkened | cc |
| 14 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 17 object | det |
| 15 | large | large | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 17 object | amod |
| 16 | hovering | hover | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 17 object | amod |
| 17 | object | object | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 darkened | nsubj |
| 18 | darkened | darken | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 heard | conj |
| 19 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 20 air | det |
| 20 | air | air | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 darkened | obj |
| 21 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 heard | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | hear | past | hunters = hunter | a rustling | last | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer rustling=Stimulus | |||
| 2 | whir | gerund | hunters = hunter not said here | sound | above hunters = hunter | vn sound_emission-43.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location sound=Theme | |||
| 3 | hover | gerund | vn modes_of_being_with_motion-47.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||||
| 4 | darken | past | a large hovering object | the air | vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent air=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, Project Gutenberg book 27200 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg27200/58/24/