Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen, VII. the Eagle's Nest, sentence 32

It was a bitterly cold morning; clouds of mist were rising from beneath, and Rudy stood on the lower step of the ladder as a fly rests on a piece of swinging straw, which a bird may have dropped from the edge of the nest it was building on some tall factory chimney; but the fly could fly away if the straw were shaken, Rudy could only break his neck.

Who acts: foot, clouds, Rudy, fly · What happens: be, rise, stand, rest, swing, drop · To what, where: bitterly cold morning, piece, bird, edge, nest, tall factory chimney

This is a sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, VII. the Eagle's Nest. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (foot, clouds, Rudy, fly), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	6 morning	nsubj
2	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	6 morning	cop
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 morning	det
4	bitterly	bitterly	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 morning	amod
5	cold	cold	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 morning	amod
6	morning	morning	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
7	;	;	PUNCT	_	8 clouds	punct
8	clouds	cloud	NOUN	Number=Plur	12 rising	nsubj
9	of	of	ADP	_	10 mist	case
10	mist	mist	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 clouds	nmod
11	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	12 rising	aux
12	rising	rise	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	6 morning	acl:relcl
13	from	from	ADP	_	14 beneath	case
14	beneath	beneath	ADV	NumForm=Word NumType=Mult	12 rising	obl
15	,	,	PUNCT	_	18 stood	punct
16	and	and	CCONJ	_	18 stood	cc
17	Rudy	Rudy	PROPN	Number=Sing	18 stood	nsubj
18	stood	stand	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	6 morning	parataxis
19	on	on	ADP	_	22 step	case
20	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	22 step	det
21	lower	low	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	22 step	amod
22	step	step	NOUN	Number=Sing	18 stood	obl
23	of	of	ADP	_	25 ladder	case
24	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	25 ladder	det
25	ladder	ladder	NOUN	Number=Sing	22 step	nmod
26	as	as	SCONJ	_	29 rests	mark
27	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	28 fly	det
28	fly	fly	NOUN	Number=Sing	29 rests	nsubj
29	rests	rest	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	18 stood	advcl
30	on	on	ADP	_	32 piece	case
31	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	32 piece	det
32	piece	piece	NOUN	Number=Sing	29 rests	obl
33	of	of	ADP	_	35 straw	case
34	swinging	swing	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	35 straw	amod
35	straw	straw	NOUN	Number=Sing	32 piece	nmod
36	,	,	PUNCT	_	42 dropped	punct
37	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	42 dropped	obj
38	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	39 bird	det
39	bird	bird	NOUN	Number=Sing	42 dropped	nsubj:pass
40	may	may	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	42 dropped	aux
41	have	have	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	42 dropped	aux
42	dropped	drop	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	32 piece	acl
43	from	from	ADP	_	45 edge	case
44	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	45 edge	det
45	edge	edge	NOUN	Number=Sing	42 dropped	obl
46	of	of	ADP	_	48 nest	case
47	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	48 nest	det
48	nest	nest	NOUN	Number=Sing	45 edge	nmod
49	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	51 building	nsubj
50	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	51 building	aux
51	building	build	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	48 nest	acl:relcl
52	on	on	ADP	_	56 chimney	case
53	some	some	DET	PronType=Ind	56 chimney	nsubj
54	tall	tall	ADJ	Degree=Pos	56 chimney	amod
55	factory	factory	NOUN	Number=Sing	56 chimney	compound
56	chimney	chimney	NOUN	Number=Sing	51 building	obl
57	;	;	PUNCT	_	62 fly	punct
58	but	but	CCONJ	_	62 fly	cc
59	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	60 fly	det
60	fly	fly	NOUN	Number=Sing	62 fly	nsubj
61	could	could	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	62 fly	aux
62	fly	fly	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	6 morning	parataxis
63	away	away	ADV	_	62 fly	advmod
64	if	if	SCONJ	_	68 shaken	mark
65	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	66 straw	det
66	straw	straw	NOUN	Number=Sing	68 shaken	nsubj:pass
67	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	68 shaken	aux:pass
68	shaken	shake	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	73 break	advcl
69	,	,	PUNCT	_	68 shaken	punct
70	Rudy	Rudy	PROPN	Number=Sing	73 break	nsubj
71	could	could	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	73 break	aux
72	only	only	ADV	_	73 break	advmod
73	break	break	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	62 fly	parataxis
74	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	75 neck	nmod:poss
75	neck	neck	NOUN	Number=Sing	73 break	obj
76	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 morning	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	is a	past	foot	a bitterly cold morning			tree rules
2	rise	past · progressive	clouds of mist	a bitterly cold morning not said here			vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.patient V NP.extent PP.source PP.goal»: agent=Patient morning=Extent from beneath=Initial_State
3	stand	past	Rudy			on the lower step of the ladder	vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent on step=Location
4	rest	present	a fly		a piece of swinging straw		vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V NP.theme PP»: agent=Agent on piece=Location
5	swing	gerund					vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute
6	drop	may · perfect · passive		a bird	the edge of the nest		vn put_direction-9.4 «NP V NP ADVP»: subject=Theme which=Destination
7	build	past · progressive	foot	the nest not said here	tall factory chimney		vn base-97.1 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent nest=Theme on chimney=Source
8	fly away	could	the fly			away property	vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
9	shake a condition, not said to happen	past · passive		the straw			vn shake-22.3-2 «NP V NP together»: subject=Patient
10	break	could	Rudy	Rudy's neck			vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer neck=Patient
11	cloud			mist			nom cloud «phenomenon transitive»: of=patient
12	step			the ladder			nom step «act transitive»: of=patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, Project Gutenberg book 27200 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg27200/58/32/