Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen, The Jumper, sentence 10
"I sing so," he said, "that sixteen native crickets who have chirped from their youth up, and have never yet had a card house of their own, would become thinner than they are with envy if they were to hear me."
Who acts: figure, crickets · What happens: sing, say, chirp up, not have, become, be · To what, where: that, youth, card house, figure · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, The Jumper. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (figure, crickets), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 3 sing | punct |
| 2 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 3 sing | nsubj |
| 3 | sing | sing | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 8 said | ccomp |
| 4 | so | so | ADV | _ | 3 sing | advmod |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 3 sing | punct |
| 6 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 3 sing | punct |
| 7 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 8 said | nsubj |
| 8 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 said | punct |
| 10 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 17 chirped | punct |
| 11 | that | that | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 17 chirped | nsubj:pass |
| 12 | sixteen | sixteen | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 14 crickets | nummod |
| 13 | native | native | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 14 crickets | amod |
| 14 | crickets | cricket | NOUN | Number=Plur | 17 chirped | nsubj:pass |
| 15 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 17 chirped | nsubj |
| 16 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 17 chirped | aux |
| 17 | chirped | chirp | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 8 said | conj |
| 18 | from | from | ADP | _ | 20 youth | case |
| 19 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 20 youth | nmod:poss |
| 20 | youth | youth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 chirped | obl |
| 21 | up | up | ADP | _ | 17 chirped | compound:prt |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 27 had | punct |
| 23 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 27 had | cc |
| 24 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 27 had | aux |
| 25 | never | never | ADV | PronType=Neg | 27 had | advmod |
| 26 | yet | yet | ADV | _ | 27 had | advmod |
| 27 | had | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 8 said | conj |
| 28 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 30 house | det |
| 29 | card | card | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 house | compound |
| 30 | house | house | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 had | obj |
| 31 | of | of | ADP | _ | 33 own | case |
| 32 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 33 own | nmod:poss |
| 33 | own | own | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 30 house | nmod |
| 34 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 36 become | punct |
| 35 | would | would | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 36 become | aux |
| 36 | become | become | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 27 had | conj |
| 37 | thinner | thin | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 36 become | xcomp |
| 38 | than | than | ADP | _ | 42 envy | case |
| 39 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 42 envy | nsubj |
| 40 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 42 envy | cop |
| 41 | with | with | ADP | _ | 42 envy | case |
| 42 | envy | envy | NOUN | Number=Sing | 37 thinner | obl |
| 43 | if | if | SCONJ | _ | 47 hear | mark |
| 44 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 47 hear | nsubj |
| 45 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 47 hear | aux |
| 46 | to | to | PART | _ | 47 hear | mark |
| 47 | hear | hear | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 36 become | advcl |
| 48 | me | I | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 47 hear | obj |
| 49 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 8 said | punct |
| 50 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 8 said | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | sing speech: express in a quote | present | figure | vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP.location V PP.theme»: agent=Location | |||||
| 2 | say speech: assert | past | figure | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 3 | chirp up in a quote | present · perfect · passive | that | crickets's youth | vn animal_sounds-38 «NP V NP.theme»: subject=Theme | ||||
| 4 | not have in a quote | present | figure not said here | a card house of crickets's own | yet | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent house=Patient | |||
| 5 | become in a quote | would | figure not said here | thin property | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient | ||||
| 6 | is in a quote | present | crickets = cricket | than envy | tree rules | ||||
| 7 | hear a condition, not said to happen, in a quote | past | crickets = cricket | figure | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer i=Stimulus |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, Project Gutenberg book 27200 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg27200/68/10/