Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen, The Last Dream of the Old Oak, sentence 74
May beetles hummed, the bees murmured, the birds sang, each in his own way; the air was filled with the sounds of song and gladness.
Who acts: beetles, bees, birds · What happens: hum, murmur, sing, fill · To what, where: each, air
This is a sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, The Last Dream of the Old Oak. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (beetles, bees, birds), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | May | may | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 3 hummed | aux |
| 2 | beetles | beetle | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 hummed | nsubj |
| 3 | hummed | hum | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 7 murmured | punct |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 bees | det |
| 6 | bees | bee | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 murmured | nsubj |
| 7 | murmured | murmur | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 hummed | conj |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 sang | punct |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 birds | det |
| 10 | birds | bird | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 sang | nsubj |
| 11 | sang | sing | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 7 murmured | conj |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 each | punct |
| 13 | each | each | DET | PronType=Tot | 11 sang | obl |
| 14 | in | in | ADP | _ | 17 way | case |
| 15 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 17 way | nmod:poss |
| 16 | own | own | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 17 way | amod |
| 17 | way | way | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 each | nmod |
| 18 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 22 filled | punct |
| 19 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 20 air | det |
| 20 | air | air | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 filled | nsubj:pass |
| 21 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 22 filled | aux:pass |
| 22 | filled | fill | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 3 hummed | conj |
| 23 | with | with | ADP | _ | 25 sounds | case |
| 24 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 25 sounds | det |
| 25 | sounds | sound | NOUN | Number=Plur | 22 filled | obl |
| 26 | of | of | ADP | _ | 27 song | case |
| 27 | song | song | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 sounds | nmod |
| 28 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 29 gladness | cc |
| 29 | gladness | gladness | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 song | conj |
| 30 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 hummed | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | hum | may | beetles | vn bulge-47.5.3 «NP V»: agent=Location | |||||
| 2 | murmur speech: other | past | the bees | vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 3 | sing speech: express | past | the birds | each | vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP.location V PP.theme»: agent=Location | ||||
| 4 | fill | past · passive | the air | with the sounds of song and gladness | vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: subject=Patient with sound=Instrument |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, Project Gutenberg book 27200 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg27200/69/74/