Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen, Little Claus and Big Claus, sentence 21
The shutters outside the windows were closed, but lights shone through the crevices at the top. "
Who acts: lights · What happens: close, shine · To what, where: shutters, crevices
This is a sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, Little Claus and Big Claus. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (lights), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 shutters | det |
| 2 | shutters | shutter | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 closed | nsubj:pass |
| 3 | outside | outside | ADP | _ | 5 windows | case |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 windows | det |
| 5 | windows | window | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 shutters | nmod |
| 6 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 7 closed | aux:pass |
| 7 | closed | close | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 shone | punct |
| 9 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 11 shone | cc |
| 10 | lights | light | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 shone | nsubj |
| 11 | shone | shine | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 7 closed | conj |
| 12 | through | through | ADP | _ | 14 crevices | case |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 crevices | det |
| 14 | crevices | crevice | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 shone | obl |
| 15 | at | at | ADP | _ | 17 top | case |
| 16 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 17 top | det |
| 17 | top | top | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 shone | obl |
| 18 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 closed | punct |
| 19 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 7 closed | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | close | past · passive | the shutters outside the windows | vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient | |||||
| 2 | shine | past | lights | the crevices | at the top | vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme through crevice=Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, Project Gutenberg book 27200 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg27200/71/21/