Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen, The Little Match-seller, sentence 13
She had drawn her little feet under her, but she could not keep off the cold; and she dared not go home, for she had sold no matches, and could not take home even a penny of money.
Who acts: girl · What happens: draw, not keep off, go, sell, not take · To what, where: little feet, cold, matches, penny
This is a sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, The Little Match-seller. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (girl), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | She | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 drawn | nsubj |
| 2 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 drawn | aux |
| 3 | drawn | draw | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | root | root |
| 4 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 6 feet | nmod:poss |
| 5 | little | little | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 feet | amod |
| 6 | feet | foot | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 drawn | obj |
| 7 | under | under | ADP | _ | 8 her | case |
| 8 | her | she | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 drawn | obl |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 keep | punct |
| 10 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 14 keep | cc |
| 11 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 14 keep | nsubj |
| 12 | could | could | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 14 keep | aux |
| 13 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 14 keep | advmod |
| 14 | keep | keep | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 3 drawn | conj |
| 15 | off | off | ADP | _ | 14 keep | compound:prt |
| 16 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 17 cold | det |
| 17 | cold | cold | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 keep | obj |
| 18 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 23 go | punct |
| 19 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 23 go | cc |
| 20 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 23 go | nsubj |
| 21 | dared | dare | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 23 go | aux |
| 22 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 21 dared | advmod |
| 23 | go | go | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 3 drawn | parataxis |
| 24 | home | home | ADV | _ | 23 go | advmod |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 29 sold | punct |
| 26 | for | for | SCONJ | _ | 29 sold | mark |
| 27 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 29 sold | nsubj |
| 28 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 29 sold | aux |
| 29 | sold | sell | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 23 go | conj |
| 30 | no | no | DET | PronType=Neg | 31 matches | det |
| 31 | matches | match | NOUN | Number=Plur | 29 sold | obj |
| 32 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 36 take | punct |
| 33 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 36 take | cc |
| 34 | could | could | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 36 take | aux |
| 35 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 36 take | advmod |
| 36 | take | take | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 3 drawn | conj |
| 37 | home | home | ADV | _ | 36 take | advmod |
| 38 | even | even | ADV | _ | 40 penny | advmod |
| 39 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 40 penny | det |
| 40 | penny | penny | NOUN | Number=Sing | 36 take | obj |
| 41 | of | of | ADP | _ | 42 money | case |
| 42 | money | money | NOUN | Number=Sing | 40 penny | nmod |
| 43 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 drawn | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | draw | past · perfect | girl | girl's little feet | under goose | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent foot=Theme | |||
| 2 | not keep off | could | girl | the cold | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cold=Theme | ||||
| 3 | go | past | girl | home property | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 4 | sell | past · perfect | girl | no matches | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent match=Theme | ||||
| 5 | not take | could | girl not said here | a penny of money | home property | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent penny=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, Project Gutenberg book 27200 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg27200/74/13/