Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen, The Little Mermaid, part 2, sentence 19
Near the coast were beautiful green forests, and close by stood a large building, whether a church or a convent she could not tell.
Who acts: church · What happens: be, stand, not tell · To what, where: beautiful green forests, coast, large building · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, The Little Mermaid, part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (church), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Near | near | ADP | _ | 3 coast | case |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 coast | det |
| 3 | coast | coast | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 forests | obl |
| 4 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 7 forests | cop |
| 5 | beautiful | beautiful | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 forests | amod |
| 6 | green | green | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 forests | amod |
| 7 | forests | forest | NOUN | Number=Plur | root | root |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 close | punct |
| 9 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 10 close | cc |
| 10 | close | close | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 forests | amod |
| 11 | by | by | SCONJ | _ | 12 stood | mark |
| 12 | stood | stand | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 10 close | advcl |
| 13 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 15 building | det |
| 14 | large | large | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 15 building | amod |
| 15 | building | building | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 stood | obj |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 26 tell | punct |
| 17 | whether | whether | SCONJ | _ | 26 tell | mark |
| 18 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 19 church | det |
| 19 | church | church | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 tell | nsubj |
| 20 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 22 convent | cc |
| 21 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 22 convent | det |
| 22 | convent | convent | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 church | conj |
| 23 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 26 tell | nsubj |
| 24 | could | could | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 26 tell | aux |
| 25 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 26 tell | advmod |
| 26 | tell | tell | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 12 stood | conj |
| 27 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 forests | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | past | beautiful green forests | the coast | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | stand | past | a large building | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer building=Stimulus | |||||
| 3 | not tell speech: assert | could | a church or a convent | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, Project Gutenberg book 27200 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg27200/76/19/