Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen, The Little Mermaid, part 2, sentence 64
Your fish's tail, which amongst us is considered so beautiful, is thought on earth to be quite ugly; they do not know any better, and they think it necessary to have two stout props, which they call legs, in order to be handsome."
Who acts: souls · What happens: consider, think, be, not know, have, call · To what, where: tail, earth, order, two stout props · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, The Little Mermaid, part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (souls), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Your | your | PRON | Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 2 fish | nmod:poss |
| 2 | fish | fish | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 tail | nmod:poss |
| 3 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 2 fish | case |
| 4 | tail | tail | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 thought | nsubj:pass |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 considered | punct |
| 6 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 10 considered | nsubj:pass |
| 7 | amongst | amongst | ADP | _ | 8 us | case |
| 8 | us | we | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 6 which | obl |
| 9 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 10 considered | aux:pass |
| 10 | considered | consider | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 4 tail | acl:relcl |
| 11 | so | so | ADV | _ | 12 beautiful | advmod |
| 12 | beautiful | beautiful | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 considered | xcomp |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 4 tail | punct |
| 14 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 15 thought | aux:pass |
| 15 | thought | think | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 16 | on | on | ADP | _ | 17 earth | case |
| 17 | earth | earth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 thought | obl |
| 18 | to | to | PART | _ | 21 ugly | mark |
| 19 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 21 ugly | cop |
| 20 | quite | quite | ADV | _ | 21 ugly | advmod |
| 21 | ugly | ugly | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 15 thought | advcl |
| 22 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 26 know | punct |
| 23 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 26 know | nsubj |
| 24 | do | do | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 26 know | aux |
| 25 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 26 know | advmod |
| 26 | know | know | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 15 thought | parataxis |
| 27 | any | any | ADV | _ | 28 better | advmod |
| 28 | better | good | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 26 know | advmod |
| 29 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 32 think | punct |
| 30 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 32 think | cc |
| 31 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 32 think | nsubj |
| 32 | think | think | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 26 know | conj |
| 33 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 32 think | obj |
| 34 | necessary | necessary | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 32 think | xcomp |
| 35 | to | to | PART | _ | 36 have | mark |
| 36 | have | have | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 34 necessary | advcl |
| 37 | two | two | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 39 props | nummod |
| 38 | stout | stout | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 39 props | amod |
| 39 | props | prop | NOUN | Number=Plur | 36 have | obj |
| 40 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 43 call | punct |
| 41 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 43 call | obj |
| 42 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 43 call | nsubj |
| 43 | call | call | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 39 props | acl:relcl |
| 44 | legs | leg | NOUN | Number=Plur | 43 call | obj |
| 45 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 47 order | punct |
| 46 | in | in | ADP | _ | 47 order | case |
| 47 | order | order | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 know | obl |
| 48 | to | to | PART | _ | 50 handsome | mark |
| 49 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 50 handsome | cop |
| 50 | handsome | handsome | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 47 order | acl |
| 51 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 26 know | punct |
| 52 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 26 know | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | consider | present · passive | Your fish's tail | beautiful property | vn consider-29.9-1-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: subject=Attribute | ||||
| 2 | think speech: other | present · passive | Your fish's tail | earth | vn wish-62 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme | ||||
| 3 | is | to-infinitive | ugly property | tree rules | |||||
| 4 | not know | present · do-support | souls = soul | order | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer | ||||
| 5 | think speech: other | present | souls = soul | tail | necessary property | vn wish-62 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot it=Theme | |||
| 6 | have | to-infinitive | souls = soul not said here | two stout props | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent prop=Patient | ||||
| 7 | call | present | souls = soul | two stout props | vn dub-29.3.2 «NP V NP NP»: agent=Agent which=Theme leg=Result | ||||
| 8 | is | to-infinitive | souls = soul not said here | handsome property | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, Project Gutenberg book 27200 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg27200/76/64/