Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen, The Little Mermaid, part 4, sentence 14

The little mermaid could not help thinking of her first rising out of the sea, when she had seen similar festivities and joys; and she joined in the dance, poised herself in the air as a swallow when he pursues his prey, and all present cheered her with wonder.

Who acts: little mermaid, bridegroom, mermaid, present · What happens: not help, think, rise, see, join, poise · To what, where: sea, similar festivities, bridegroom, air, prey

This is a sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, The Little Mermaid, part 4. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (little mermaid, bridegroom, mermaid, present), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 mermaid	det
2	little	little	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 mermaid	amod
3	mermaid	mermaid	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 help	nsubj
4	could	could	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	6 help	aux
5	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	6 help	advmod
6	help	help	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
7	thinking	think	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	6 help	xcomp
8	of	of	ADP	_	10 first	case
9	her	her	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	10 first	nmod:poss
10	first	first	ADJ	Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord	7 thinking	obl
11	rising	rise	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	10 first	acl
12	out	out	ADP	_	15 sea	case
13	of	of	ADP	_	15 sea	case
14	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	15 sea	det
15	sea	sea	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 rising	obl
16	,	,	PUNCT	_	20 seen	punct
17	when	when	SCONJ	_	20 seen	mark
18	she	she	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	20 seen	nsubj
19	had	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	20 seen	aux
20	seen	see	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	6 help	advcl
21	similar	similar	ADJ	Degree=Pos	22 festivities	amod
22	festivities	festivity	NOUN	Number=Plur	20 seen	obj
23	and	and	CCONJ	_	24 joys	cc
24	joys	joy	NOUN	Number=Plur	22 festivities	conj
25	;	;	PUNCT	_	28 joined	punct
26	and	and	CCONJ	_	28 joined	cc
27	she	she	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	28 joined	nsubj
28	joined	join	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	6 help	parataxis
29	in	in	ADP	_	31 dance	case
30	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	31 dance	det
31	dance	dance	NOUN	Number=Sing	28 joined	obl
32	,	,	PUNCT	_	33 poised	punct
33	poised	poise	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	28 joined	conj
34	herself	herself	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes	33 poised	obj
35	in	in	ADP	_	37 air	case
36	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	37 air	det
37	air	air	NOUN	Number=Sing	33 poised	obl
38	as	as	ADP	_	40 swallow	case
39	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	40 swallow	det
40	swallow	swallow	NOUN	Number=Sing	33 poised	obl
41	when	when	ADV	PronType=Int	43 pursues	advmod
42	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	43 pursues	nsubj
43	pursues	pursue	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	40 swallow	acl:relcl
44	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	45 prey	nmod:poss
45	prey	prey	NOUN	Number=Sing	43 pursues	obj
46	,	,	PUNCT	_	50 cheered	punct
47	and	and	CCONJ	_	50 cheered	cc
48	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	49 present	det
49	present	present	NOUN	Number=Sing	50 cheered	nsubj
50	cheered	cheer	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	28 joined	conj
51	her	she	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	50 cheered	obj
52	with	with	ADP	_	53 wonder	case
53	wonder	wonder	NOUN	Number=Sing	50 cheered	obl
54	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 help	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	not help	could	the little mermaid				vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Theme
2	think speech: other not said to happen	gerund	the little mermaid not said here			of bridegroom's first	vn focus-87.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
3	rise	gerund			the sea		vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent out sea=Location
4	see	past · perfect	bridegroom	similar festivities and joys			vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer festivity=Stimulus
5	join	past	bridegroom			in the dance	vn cooperate-73.1-1 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent in dance=Theme
6	poise	past	bridegroom not said here	bridegroom	the air	as a swallow	tree rules
7	pursue	present	mermaid	mermaid's prey			vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent prey=Theme
8	cheer	past	all present	bridegroom		with wonder	vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus she=Experiencer

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, Project Gutenberg book 27200 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg27200/78/14/