Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen, Little Tiny or Thumbelina, sentence 62
Near the wood in which she had been living lay a corn-field, but the corn had been cut a long time; nothing remained but the bare dry stubble standing up out of the frozen ground.
Who acts: tree, nothing, bare dry stubble · What happens: live, lay, cut, remain, stand up, freeze · To what, where: wood, corn field, corn, frozen ground
This is a sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, Little Tiny or Thumbelina. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (tree, nothing, bare dry stubble), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Near | near | ADP | _ | 3 wood | case |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 wood | det |
| 3 | wood | wood | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 lay | obl |
| 4 | in | in | ADP | _ | 5 which | case |
| 5 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 9 living | obl |
| 6 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 9 living | nsubj |
| 7 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 9 living | aux |
| 8 | been | be | AUX | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 9 living | aux |
| 9 | living | live | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 3 wood | acl:relcl |
| 10 | lay | lay | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 11 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 14 field | det |
| 12 | corn | corn | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 field | compound |
| 13 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 12 corn | punct |
| 14 | field | field | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 lay | obj |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 cut | punct |
| 16 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 21 cut | cc |
| 17 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 18 corn | det |
| 18 | corn | corn | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 cut | nsubj:pass |
| 19 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 21 cut | aux |
| 20 | been | be | AUX | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 21 cut | aux:pass |
| 21 | cut | cut | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 10 lay | conj |
| 22 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 24 time | det |
| 23 | long | long | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 24 time | amod |
| 24 | time | time | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 cut | obl:unmarked |
| 25 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 27 remained | punct |
| 26 | nothing | nothing | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Neg | 27 remained | nsubj |
| 27 | remained | remain | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 10 lay | parataxis |
| 28 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 32 stubble | cc |
| 29 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 32 stubble | det |
| 30 | bare | bare | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 32 stubble | amod |
| 31 | dry | dry | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 32 stubble | amod |
| 32 | stubble | stubble | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 remained | conj |
| 33 | standing | stand | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 32 stubble | acl |
| 34 | up | up | ADP | _ | 33 standing | compound:prt |
| 35 | out | out | ADP | _ | 39 ground | case |
| 36 | of | of | ADP | _ | 39 ground | case |
| 37 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 39 ground | det |
| 38 | frozen | freeze | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 39 ground | amod |
| 39 | ground | ground | NOUN | Number=Sing | 33 standing | obl |
| 40 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 10 lay | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | live | past · perfect · progressive | tree | the wood | vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in which=Location | ||||
| 2 | lay | present | a corn field | the wood | vn put_spatial-9.2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent field=Theme near wood=Destination | ||||
| 3 | cut | past · perfect · passive | the corn | time | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product | ||||
| 4 | remain | past | nothing | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 5 | stand up | gerund | the bare dry stubble not said here | the frozen ground | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent out ground=Location | ||||
| 6 | freeze | participle | vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, Project Gutenberg book 27200 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg27200/79/62/