Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen, The Beetle Who Went on His Travels, sentence 78
"Perhaps you came from a dung-heap," observed the oldest of them.
Who acts: you · What happens: come, observe · To what, where: dung heap
This is a sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, The Beetle Who Went on His Travels. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 4 came | punct |
| 2 | Perhaps | perhaps | ADV | _ | 4 came | advmod |
| 3 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 4 came | nsubj |
| 4 | came | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | from | from | ADP | _ | 9 heap | case |
| 6 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 9 heap | det |
| 7 | dung | dung | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 heap | compound |
| 8 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 7 dung | punct |
| 9 | heap | heap | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 came | obl |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 observed | punct |
| 11 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 12 observed | punct |
| 12 | observed | observe | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 came | conj |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 oldest | det |
| 14 | oldest | old | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 12 observed | ccomp |
| 15 | of | of | ADP | _ | 16 them | case |
| 16 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 14 oldest | nmod |
| 17 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 came | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | come in a quote | past | you | a dung heap | perhaps property | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme from heap=Initial_Location | |||
| 2 | observe | past | you not said here | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, Project Gutenberg book 27200 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg27200/8/78/