Just so stories, How the Alphabet Was Made, sentence 189
Go on,’ said Taffy, using her shark’s tooth.
Who acts: you, Taffy · What happens: go on, say, use · To what, where: tooth · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Just so stories» by Rudyard Kipling, How the Alphabet Was Made. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you, Taffy), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Go | go | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 2 | on | on | ADV | _ | 1 Go | advmod |
| 3 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 5 said | punct |
| 4 | ’ | ' | PUNCT | _ | 5 said | punct |
| 5 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 1 Go | parataxis |
| 6 | Taffy | Taffy | PROPN | Number=Sing | 5 said | nsubj |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 using | punct |
| 8 | using | use | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 5 said | advcl |
| 9 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 10 shark | nmod:poss |
| 10 | shark | shark | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 tooth | nmod:poss |
| 11 | ’s | 's | PART | _ | 10 shark | case |
| 12 | tooth | tooth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 using | obj |
| 13 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 1 Go | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | go on | imperative | you not said here | vn function-105.2.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 2 | say speech: assert | past | Taffy | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 3 | use | gerund | Taffy not said here | Taffy's shark's tooth | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tooth=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Just so stories» by Rudyard Kipling, Project Gutenberg book 2781 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg2781/10/189/