Just so stories, How the Alphabet Was Made, sentence 193
‘Don’t look up, Taffy,’ he said.
Who acts: hand · What happens: not look up, say · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Just so stories» by Rudyard Kipling, How the Alphabet Was Made. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (hand), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ‘ | ' | PUNCT | _ | 4 look | punct |
| 2 | Do | do | AUX | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | 4 look | aux |
| 3 | n’t | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 4 look | advmod |
| 4 | look | look | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 11 said | ccomp |
| 5 | up | up | ADP | _ | 4 look | compound:prt |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 7 Taffy | punct |
| 7 | Taffy | Taffy | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 look | vocative |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 4 look | punct |
| 9 | ’ | ' | PUNCT | _ | 4 look | punct |
| 10 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 11 said | nsubj |
| 11 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 12 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 11 said | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | not look up | infinitive · do-support | Taffy vocative | vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus | |||||
| 2 | say speech: assert | past | hand | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Just so stories» by Rudyard Kipling, Project Gutenberg book 2781 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg2781/10/193/