Just so stories, How the Alphabet Was Made, sentence 199
Just then a drop fell on her hand, for the day had clouded over.
Who acts: drop · What happens: fall, cloud over · To what, where: hand, day
This is a sentence of «Just so stories» by Rudyard Kipling, How the Alphabet Was Made. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (drop), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Just | just | ADV | _ | 5 fell | advmod |
| 2 | then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 5 fell | advmod |
| 3 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 4 drop | det |
| 4 | drop | drop | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 fell | nsubj |
| 5 | fell | fall | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | on | on | ADP | _ | 8 hand | case |
| 7 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 8 hand | nmod:poss |
| 8 | hand | hand | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 fell | obl |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 clouded | punct |
| 10 | for | for | SCONJ | _ | 14 clouded | mark |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 day | det |
| 12 | day | day | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 clouded | nsubj:pass |
| 13 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 14 clouded | aux |
| 14 | clouded | cloud | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 5 fell | conj |
| 15 | over | over | ADV | _ | 14 clouded | advmod |
| 16 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 fell | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | fall | past | a drop | drop's hand | then | vn occur-48.3 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme on hand=Location | |||
| 2 | cloud over | past · perfect · passive | the day | over property | vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: subject=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Just so stories» by Rudyard Kipling, Project Gutenberg book 2781 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg2781/10/199/