Just so stories, How the Alphabet Was Made, sentence 7
‘I had to pay two deerskins--soft ones with fringes--to the Stranger-man for the things we did to him.’
Who acts: I, we · What happens: have, pay, do · To what, where: two deerskins, things, man
This is a sentence of «Just so stories» by Rudyard Kipling, How the Alphabet Was Made. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, we), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ‘ | ' | PUNCT | _ | 3 had | punct |
| 2 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 3 had | nsubj |
| 3 | had | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | to | to | PART | _ | 5 pay | mark |
| 5 | pay | pay | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 3 had | xcomp |
| 6 | two | two | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 7 deerskins | nummod |
| 7 | deerskins | deerskin | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 pay | obj |
| 8 | -- | -- | PUNCT | _ | 10 ones | punct |
| 9 | soft | soft | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 ones | amod |
| 10 | ones | one | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 deerskins | conj |
| 11 | with | with | ADP | _ | 12 fringes | case |
| 12 | fringes | fringe | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 ones | nmod |
| 13 | -- | -- | PUNCT | _ | 18 man | punct |
| 14 | to | to | ADP | _ | 18 man | case |
| 15 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 18 man | det |
| 16 | Stranger | stranger | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 man | compound |
| 17 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 16 Stranger | punct |
| 18 | man | man | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 pay | obl |
| 19 | for | for | ADP | _ | 21 things | case |
| 20 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 21 things | det |
| 21 | things | thing | NOUN | Number=Plur | 18 man | nmod |
| 22 | we | we | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 23 did | nsubj |
| 23 | did | do | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 21 things | acl:relcl |
| 24 | to | to | ADP | _ | 25 him | case |
| 25 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 23 did | obl |
| 26 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 had | punct |
| 27 | ’ | ' | PUNCT | _ | 3 had | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | have | past | I | tree rules | |||||
| 2 | pay | to-infinitive | I not said here | two deerskins and soft ones with fringes | to the Stranger man for the things | vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent deerskin=Asset | |||
| 3 | do | past | we | the things not said here | man | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent thing=Eventuality |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Just so stories» by Rudyard Kipling, Project Gutenberg book 2781 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg2781/10/7/