Just so stories, The Crab That Played With the Sea, sentence 122

‘Payah-kun,’ said the Eldest Magician, and he laughed and gave him his blessing; and little Pau Amma scuttled over the side of the canoe into the water; and he was so tiny that he could have hidden under the shadow of a dry leaf on land or of a dead shell at the bottom of the sea.

Who acts: Payah kun, Kun, little Pau, Pau · What happens: say, laugh, give, scuttle, be, hide · To what, where: blessing, Kun, side, shadow, dry leaf · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of «Just so stories» by Rudyard Kipling, The Crab That Played With the Sea. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Payah kun, Kun, little Pau, Pau), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	‘	'	PUNCT	_	4 kun	punct
2	Payah	Payah	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 kun	compound
3	-	-	PUNCT	_	2 Payah	punct
4	kun	kun	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 said	nsubj
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	4 kun	punct
6	’	'	PUNCT	_	4 kun	punct
7	said	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 Magician	det
9	Eldest	eld	ADJ	Degree=Sup	10 Magician	amod
10	Magician	Magician	PROPN	Number=Sing	7 said	nsubj
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 laughed	punct
12	and	and	CCONJ	_	14 laughed	cc
13	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	14 laughed	nsubj
14	laughed	laugh	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	7 said	conj
15	and	and	CCONJ	_	16 gave	cc
16	gave	give	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	14 laughed	conj
17	him	he	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	16 gave	iobj
18	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	19 blessing	nmod:poss
19	blessing	blessing	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 gave	obj
20	;	;	PUNCT	_	25 scuttled	punct
21	and	and	CCONJ	_	25 scuttled	cc
22	little	little	ADJ	Degree=Pos	23 Pau	amod
23	Pau	Pau	PROPN	Number=Sing	25 scuttled	nsubj
24	Amma	Amma	PROPN	Number=Sing	23 Pau	flat
25	scuttled	scuttle	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	7 said	conj
26	over	over	ADP	_	28 side	case
27	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	28 side	det
28	side	side	NOUN	Number=Sing	25 scuttled	obl
29	of	of	ADP	_	31 canoe	case
30	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	31 canoe	det
31	canoe	canoe	NOUN	Number=Sing	28 side	nmod
32	into	into	ADP	_	34 water	case
33	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	34 water	det
34	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	25 scuttled	obl
35	;	;	PUNCT	_	40 tiny	punct
36	and	and	CCONJ	_	40 tiny	cc
37	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	40 tiny	nsubj
38	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	40 tiny	cop
39	so	so	ADV	_	40 tiny	advmod
40	tiny	tiny	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 said	parataxis
41	that	that	SCONJ	_	45 hidden	mark
42	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	45 hidden	nsubj
43	could	could	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	45 hidden	aux
44	have	have	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	45 hidden	aux
45	hidden	hide	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	40 tiny	advcl
46	under	under	ADP	_	48 shadow	case
47	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	48 shadow	det
48	shadow	shadow	NOUN	Number=Sing	45 hidden	obl
49	of	of	ADP	_	52 leaf	case
50	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	52 leaf	det
51	dry	dry	ADJ	Degree=Pos	52 leaf	amod
52	leaf	leaf	NOUN	Number=Sing	48 shadow	nmod
53	on	on	ADP	_	54 land	case
54	land	land	NOUN	Number=Sing	52 leaf	nmod
55	or	or	CCONJ	_	59 shell	cc
56	of	of	ADP	_	59 shell	case
57	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	59 shell	det
58	dead	dead	ADJ	Degree=Pos	59 shell	amod
59	shell	shell	NOUN	Number=Sing	52 leaf	conj
60	at	at	ADP	_	62 bottom	case
61	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	62 bottom	det
62	bottom	bottom	NOUN	Number=Sing	45 hidden	obl
63	of	of	ADP	_	65 sea	case
64	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	65 sea	det
65	sea	sea	NOUN	Number=Sing	62 bottom	nmod
66	.	.	PUNCT	_	7 said	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	other	roles by
1	say speech: assert	past	Payah kun					vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent
2	laugh	past	Kun					vn nonverbal_expression-40.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent
3	give	past	Kun not said here	Kun's blessing	Kun			vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent he=Recipient blessing=Theme
4	scuttle	past	little Pau			the side of the canoe	into the water	vn run-51.3.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme into water=Destination
5	is	past	Pau				tiny property	tree rules
6	hide	could · perfect	Pau			the shadow of a dry leaf on land or a dead shell	at the bottom of the sea	vn concealment-16-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent under shadow=Location
7	bless		Kun					nom blessing «act transitive»: poss=agent
8	shadow			a dry leaf on land or a dead shell				nom shadow «state transitive»: of=patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «Just so stories» by Rudyard Kipling, Project Gutenberg book 2781 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg2781/11/122/