Just so stories, The Crab That Played With the Sea, sentence 18
He went East, and he found All-the-Cow there-was feeding in the field that had been made ready for her, and she licked her tongue round a whole forest at a time, and swallowed it and sat down to chew her cud.
Who acts: Elephant, Cow · What happens: go, find, feed, make, lick, swallow · To what, where: East, Cow, field, tongue, cud
This is a sentence of «Just so stories» by Rudyard Kipling, The Crab That Played With the Sea. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Elephant, Cow), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 went | nsubj |
| 2 | went | go | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | East | East | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 went | obj |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 7 found | punct |
| 5 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 7 found | cc |
| 6 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 7 found | nsubj |
| 7 | found | find | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 went | conj |
| 8 | All | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 12 Cow | det |
| 9 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 12 Cow | punct |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 Cow | det |
| 11 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 10 the | punct |
| 12 | Cow | cow | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 found | obj |
| 13 | there | there | ADV | PronType=Dem | 12 Cow | advmod |
| 14 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 16 feeding | punct |
| 15 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 16 feeding | aux |
| 16 | feeding | feed | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 7 found | advcl |
| 17 | in | in | ADP | _ | 19 field | case |
| 18 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 19 field | det |
| 19 | field | field | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 feeding | obl |
| 20 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 23 made | obl |
| 21 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 23 made | aux |
| 22 | been | be | AUX | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 23 made | aux:pass |
| 23 | made | make | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 19 field | acl:relcl |
| 24 | ready | ready | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 23 made | xcomp |
| 25 | for | for | ADP | _ | 26 her | case |
| 26 | her | she | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 24 ready | obl |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 30 licked | punct |
| 28 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 30 licked | cc |
| 29 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 30 licked | nsubj |
| 30 | licked | lick | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 went | conj |
| 31 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 32 tongue | nmod:poss |
| 32 | tongue | tongue | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 licked | obj |
| 33 | round | round | ADP | _ | 36 forest | case |
| 34 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 36 forest | det |
| 35 | whole | whole | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 36 forest | amod |
| 36 | forest | forest | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 licked | obl |
| 37 | at | at | ADP | _ | 39 time | case |
| 38 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 39 time | det |
| 39 | time | time | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 licked | obl |
| 40 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 42 swallowed | punct |
| 41 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 42 swallowed | cc |
| 42 | swallowed | swallow | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 went | parataxis |
| 43 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 42 swallowed | obj |
| 44 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 45 sat | cc |
| 45 | sat | sit | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 42 swallowed | conj |
| 46 | down | down | ADP | _ | 45 sat | compound:prt |
| 47 | to | to | PART | _ | 48 chew | mark |
| 48 | chew | chew | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 45 sat | advcl |
| 49 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 50 cud | nmod:poss |
| 50 | cud | cud | NOUN | Number=Sing | 48 chew | obj |
| 51 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 went | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | go | past | Elephant | East | vn meander-47.7 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location east=Theme | ||||
| 2 | find | past | Elephant | all Cow | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cow=Topic | ||||
| 3 | feed | past · progressive | Elephant not said here | the field | vn fit-54.3 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent in field=Location | ||||
| 4 | make | past · perfect · passive | the field | ready property | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP» | ||||
| 5 | lick | past | Cow | Cow's tongue | time | round a whole forest | vn wipe_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.source»: agent=Agent tongue=Source | ||
| 6 | swallow | past | tongue | vn gobble-39.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Patient | |||||
| 7 | sit down | past | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 8 | chew | to-infinitive | Cow's cud | vn chew-39.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cud=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Just so stories» by Rudyard Kipling, Project Gutenberg book 2781 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg2781/11/18/