Just so stories, The Butterfly That Stamped, sentence 141

Suleiman-bin-Daoud must be dead, and what we heard and saw was the earth thundering and darkening at the news.’

Who acts: Suleiman, we, earth · What happens: be, hear, see, thunder, darken · To what, where: earth, news

This is a sentence of «Just so stories» by Rudyard Kipling, The Butterfly That Stamped. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Suleiman, we, earth), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Suleiman	Suleiman	PROPN	Number=Sing	8 dead	nsubj
2	-	-	PUNCT	_	1 Suleiman	punct
3	bin	bin	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Suleiman	flat
4	-	-	PUNCT	_	3 bin	punct
5	Daoud	Daoud	PROPN	Number=Sing	1 Suleiman	flat
6	must	must	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	8 dead	aux
7	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	8 dead	cop
8	dead	dead	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 heard	punct
10	and	and	CCONJ	_	13 heard	cc
11	what	what	PRON	PronType=Int	13 heard	obj
12	we	we	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	13 heard	nsubj
13	heard	hear	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	8 dead	parataxis
14	and	and	CCONJ	_	15 saw	cc
15	saw	see	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	13 heard	conj
16	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	18 earth	cop
17	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	18 earth	det
18	earth	earth	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 saw	obj
19	thundering	thunder	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	18 earth	acl
20	and	and	CCONJ	_	21 darkening	cc
21	darkening	darken	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	19 thundering	conj
22	at	at	ADP	_	24 news	case
23	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	24 news	det
24	news	news	NOUN	Number=Sing	21 darkening	obl
25	.	.	PUNCT	_	8 dead	punct
26	’	'	PUNCT	_	8 dead	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	is	must	Suleiman			dead property	tree rules
2	hear	past	we				vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer what=Stimulus
3	see	past	we not said here				vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer
4	is a	past		the earth			tree rules
5	thunder	gerund	the earth not said here				vn animal_sounds-38 «NP V»: agent=Agent
6	darken	gerund	the earth not said here		the news		vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «Just so stories» by Rudyard Kipling, Project Gutenberg book 2781 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg2781/13/141/