Just so stories, How the Leopard Got His Spots, sentence 31

‘Wait a bit, said the Ethiopian.

Who acts: Ethiopian · What happens: wait, say · To what, where: bit · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of «Just so stories» by Rudyard Kipling, How the Leopard Got His Spots. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Ethiopian), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	‘	'	PUNCT	_	2 Wait	punct
2	Wait	wait	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	6 said	ccomp
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 bit	det
4	bit	bit	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 Wait	obl:unmarked
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	2 Wait	punct
6	said	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 Ethiopian	det
8	Ethiopian	Ethiopian	PROPN	Number=Sing	6 said	nsubj
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 said	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	wait	infinitive		a bit					vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	say speech: assert	past	the Ethiopian						vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «Just so stories» by Rudyard Kipling, Project Gutenberg book 2781 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg2781/5/31/