Just so stories, How the Leopard Got His Spots, sentence 54
And the Leopard scratched his head and said, ‘It ought to be ‘sclusively a delicate greyish-fawn, and it ought to be Zebra; but it is covered all over with black and purple stripes.
Who acts: Leopard, head · What happens: scratch, say, be, cover · To what, where: head, delicate greyish fawn, Zebra · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Just so stories» by Rudyard Kipling, How the Leopard Got His Spots. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Leopard, head), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 4 scratched | cc |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 Leopard | det |
| 3 | Leopard | Leopard | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 scratched | nsubj |
| 4 | scratched | scratch | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 6 head | nmod:poss |
| 6 | head | head | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 scratched | obj |
| 7 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 8 said | cc |
| 8 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 scratched | conj |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 ought | punct |
| 10 | ‘ | ' | PUNCT | _ | 12 ought | punct |
| 11 | It | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 12 ought | nsubj |
| 12 | ought | ought | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 8 said | ccomp |
| 13 | to | to | PART | _ | 21 fawn | mark |
| 14 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 21 fawn | cop |
| 15 | ‘ | ' | PUNCT | _ | 21 fawn | punct |
| 16 | sclusively | sclusively | ADV | _ | 21 fawn | advmod |
| 17 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 21 fawn | det |
| 18 | delicate | delicate | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 21 fawn | amod |
| 19 | greyish | greyish | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 21 fawn | amod |
| 20 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 19 greyish | punct |
| 21 | fawn | fawn | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 ought | xcomp |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 28 Zebra | punct |
| 23 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 28 Zebra | cc |
| 24 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 28 Zebra | nsubj |
| 25 | ought | ought | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 28 Zebra | aux |
| 26 | to | to | PART | _ | 28 Zebra | mark |
| 27 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 28 Zebra | cop |
| 28 | Zebra | Zebra | PROPN | Number=Sing | 12 ought | conj |
| 29 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 33 covered | punct |
| 30 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 33 covered | cc |
| 31 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 33 covered | nsubj:pass |
| 32 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 33 covered | aux:pass |
| 33 | covered | cover | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 4 scratched | conj |
| 34 | all | all | ADV | _ | 35 over | advmod |
| 35 | over | over | ADV | _ | 33 covered | advmod |
| 36 | with | with | ADP | _ | 40 stripes | case |
| 37 | black | black | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 40 stripes | amod |
| 38 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 39 purple | cc |
| 39 | purple | purple | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 37 black | conj |
| 40 | stripes | stripe | NOUN | Number=Plur | 33 covered | obl |
| 41 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 scratched | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | scratch | past | the Leopard | Brother's head | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent head=Theme | ||||
| 2 | say speech: assert | past | the Leopard not said here | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 3 | is a | to-infinitive | the Leopard not said here | a delicate greyish fawn | sclusively property | tree rules | |||
| 4 | is a | ought | head | Zebra | tree rules | ||||
| 5 | cover | present · passive | head | with black stripes; over property | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: subject=Destination with stripe=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Just so stories» by Rudyard Kipling, Project Gutenberg book 2781 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg2781/5/54/