Just so stories, The Elephant’s Child, sentence 50
And the Elephant’s Child’s nose kept on stretching; and the Elephant’s Child spread all his little four legs and pulled, and pulled, and pulled, and his nose kept on stretching; and the Crocodile threshed his tail like an oar, and he pulled, and pulled, and pulled, and at each pull the Elephant’s Child’s nose grew longer and longer--and it hurt him hijjus!
Who acts: Child, Crocodile, pull, nose · What happens: keep, stretch, spread, pull, thresh, grow · To what, where: nose, little four legs, tail, Crocodile
This is a sentence of «Just so stories» by Rudyard Kipling, The Elephant’s Child. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Child, Crocodile, pull, nose), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 8 kept | cc |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 Elephant | det |
| 3 | Elephant | Elephant | PROPN | Number=Sing | 5 Child | nmod:poss |
| 4 | ’s | 's | PART | _ | 3 Elephant | case |
| 5 | Child | child | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 nose | nmod:poss |
| 6 | ’s | 's | PART | _ | 5 Child | case |
| 7 | nose | nose | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 kept | nsubj:pass |
| 8 | kept | keep | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 9 | on | on | SCONJ | _ | 10 stretching | mark |
| 10 | stretching | stretch | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 8 kept | advcl |
| 11 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 17 spread | punct |
| 12 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 17 spread | cc |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 Elephant | det |
| 14 | Elephant | Elephant | PROPN | Number=Sing | 16 Child | nmod:poss |
| 15 | ’s | 's | PART | _ | 14 Elephant | case |
| 16 | Child | child | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 spread | nsubj |
| 17 | spread | spread | VERB | Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 8 kept | parataxis |
| 18 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 22 legs | det:predet |
| 19 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 22 legs | nmod:poss |
| 20 | little | little | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 22 legs | amod |
| 21 | four | four | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 22 legs | nummod |
| 22 | legs | leg | NOUN | Number=Plur | 17 spread | obj |
| 23 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 24 pulled | cc |
| 24 | pulled | pull | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 17 spread | conj |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 27 pulled | punct |
| 26 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 27 pulled | cc |
| 27 | pulled | pull | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 24 pulled | conj |
| 28 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 30 pulled | punct |
| 29 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 30 pulled | cc |
| 30 | pulled | pull | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 27 pulled | conj |
| 31 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 35 kept | punct |
| 32 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 35 kept | cc |
| 33 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 34 nose | nmod:poss |
| 34 | nose | nose | NOUN | Number=Sing | 35 kept | nsubj:pass |
| 35 | kept | keep | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 8 kept | parataxis |
| 36 | on | on | SCONJ | _ | 37 stretching | mark |
| 37 | stretching | stretch | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 35 kept | advcl |
| 38 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 42 threshed | punct |
| 39 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 42 threshed | cc |
| 40 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 41 Crocodile | det |
| 41 | Crocodile | Crocodile | PROPN | Number=Sing | 42 threshed | nsubj |
| 42 | threshed | thresh | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 8 kept | parataxis |
| 43 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 44 tail | nmod:poss |
| 44 | tail | tail | NOUN | Number=Sing | 42 threshed | obj |
| 45 | like | like | ADP | _ | 47 oar | case |
| 46 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 47 oar | det |
| 47 | oar | oar | NOUN | Number=Sing | 42 threshed | obl |
| 48 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 51 pulled | punct |
| 49 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 51 pulled | cc |
| 50 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 51 pulled | nsubj |
| 51 | pulled | pull | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 42 threshed | conj |
| 52 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 54 pulled | punct |
| 53 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 54 pulled | cc |
| 54 | pulled | pull | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 51 pulled | parataxis |
| 55 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 57 pulled | punct |
| 56 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 57 pulled | cc |
| 57 | pulled | pull | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 54 pulled | conj |
| 58 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 69 grew | punct |
| 59 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 69 grew | cc |
| 60 | at | at | ADP | _ | 62 pull | case |
| 61 | each | each | DET | PronType=Tot | 62 pull | det |
| 62 | pull | pull | NOUN | Number=Sing | 69 grew | nsubj |
| 63 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 64 Elephant | det |
| 64 | Elephant | Elephant | PROPN | Number=Sing | 66 Child | nmod:poss |
| 65 | ’s | 's | PART | _ | 64 Elephant | case |
| 66 | Child | child | NOUN | Number=Sing | 68 nose | nmod:poss |
| 67 | ’s | 's | PART | _ | 66 Child | case |
| 68 | nose | nose | NOUN | Number=Sing | 62 pull | nmod |
| 69 | grew | grow | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 8 kept | parataxis |
| 70 | longer | long | ADV | Degree=Cmp | 69 grew | advmod |
| 71 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 72 longer | cc |
| 72 | longer | long | ADV | Degree=Cmp | 70 longer | conj |
| 73 | -- | -- | PUNCT | _ | 76 hurt | punct |
| 74 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 76 hurt | cc |
| 75 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 76 hurt | nsubj |
| 76 | hurt | hurt | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 69 grew | conj |
| 77 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 76 hurt | obj |
| 78 | hijjus | hijjus | ADV | _ | 76 hurt | advmod |
| 79 | ! | ! | PUNCT | _ | 8 kept | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | keep | participle · passive | the Elephant's Child's nose | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme | |||||
| 2 | stretch | gerund | vn bend-45.2 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | ||||||
| 3 | spread | past | the Elephant's Child | Child's little four legs | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location leg=Theme | ||||
| 4 | pull | past | the Elephant's Child not said here | vn slide-11.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 5 | pull | past | the Elephant's Child not said here | vn slide-11.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 6 | pull | past | the Elephant's Child not said here | vn slide-11.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 7 | keep | participle · passive | Child's nose | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme | |||||
| 8 | stretch | gerund | vn bend-45.2 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | ||||||
| 9 | thresh | past | the Crocodile | Crocodile's tail | like a oar | tree rules | |||
| 10 | pull | past | Crocodile | vn slide-11.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 11 | pull | past | vn slide-11.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||||
| 12 | pull | past | vn slide-11.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||||
| 13 | grow | past | each pull the Elephant's Child's nose | long property | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 14 | hurt | past | nose | Crocodile | hijjus property | vn hurt-40.8.3-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer he=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Just so stories» by Rudyard Kipling, Project Gutenberg book 2781 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg2781/6/50/